Brooks D J
MRC Cyclotron Unit, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
Geriatrics. 1991 Aug;46 Suppl 1:25-30.
Putamen 18F-dopa uptake of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) is reduced by at least 35% at onset of symptoms; therefore, positron-emission tomography (PET) can be used to detect preclinical disease in clinically unaffected twins and relatives of patients with PD. Three out of 6 monozygotic and 2 out of 3 dizygotic unaffected PD co-twins have shown reduced putamen 18F-dopa uptake to date. In addition, an intact sibling and a daughter of 1 of 4 siblings with PD both had low putamen 18F-dopa uptake. These preliminary findings suggest there may be a familial component to the etiology of PD. PET can also be used to detect underlying nigral pathology in patients with isolated tremor and patients who become rigid taking dopamine-receptor blocking agents (DRBAs). Patients with familial essential tremor have normal, and those with isolated rest tremor have consistently low, putamen 18F-dopa uptake. Drug-induced parkinsonism is infrequently associated with underlying nigral pathology.
帕金森病（PD）患者在症状出现时壳核的18F-多巴摄取至少降低35%；因此，正电子发射断层扫描（PET）可用于检测临床未受影响的PD患者双胞胎及亲属中的临床前疾病。迄今为止，6对单卵双胞胎中有3对以及3对双卵双胞胎中有2对未受影响的PD共患双胞胎显示壳核18F-多巴摄取降低。此外，1名有PD的4名兄弟姐妹中的1名完整的同胞和1名女儿壳核18F-多巴摄取均较低。这些初步发现提示PD病因可能存在家族性因素。PET还可用于检测孤立性震颤患者以及服用多巴胺受体阻断剂（DRBA）后出现强直的患者潜在的黑质病变。家族性特发性震颤患者壳核18F-多巴摄取正常，而孤立性静止性震颤患者壳核18F-多巴摄取始终较低。药物性帕金森综合征很少与潜在的黑质病变相关。
