Godet Laurent, Toupoint Nicolas, Fournier Jérôme, Le Mao Patrick, Retière Christian, Olivier Frédéric
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5178 BOEA, CRESCO-MNHN, 38, Rue du Port Blanc, 35800 Dinard, France.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2009 Apr;58(4):589-95. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.11.001. Epub 2008 Dec 18.
The Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum cultivation is an original shellfish farming activity strongly mechanized. In the Chausey archipelago (France) this activity settles on the Lanice conchilega beds, habitat known to host a rich and diversified benthic macrofauna and which is an attractive feeding ground for birds. A first study highlighted that this activity had strong negative effects on the L. conchilega beds and their associated benthic macrofauna. Here we assess the impacts of such an activity on the Eurasian Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus for which Chausey is one of the most important national breeding sites and which is also a common species in winter, spring and autumn migrations. We found that Oystercatchers significantly selected the L. conchilega beds to feed and that their spatial distribution was significantly modified after the creation of new clam concessions. In a context of a growing disappearance of pristine coastal ecosystems for the benefit of anthropo-ecosystems, we discuss the problem of the degradation of such benthic habitats with a low resilience which may loose their high functional value.
菲律宾蛤仔养殖是一项高度机械化的贝类养殖活动。在法国的肖西群岛，这项活动占据了细纹蚬床，该栖息地拥有丰富多样的底栖大型动物群落，也是鸟类喜爱的觅食地。第一项研究表明，这项活动对细纹蚬床及其相关的底栖大型动物群落有强烈的负面影响。在此，我们评估此项活动对欧亚蛎鹬的影响，肖西群岛是欧亚蛎鹬最重要的国内繁殖地之一，在冬季、春季和秋季迁徙时也是常见物种。我们发现，蛎鹬显著选择细纹蚬床觅食，并且在新的蛤类养殖场建立后，它们的空间分布发生了显著变化。在原始沿海生态系统因人类生态系统而日益消失的背景下，我们讨论了这种恢复力低的底栖栖息地退化问题，这些栖息地可能会失去其高功能价值。
