一个痛苦的提醒：态度重要性的程度和显著性在认知失调中的作用。

A painful reminder: the role of level and salience of attitude importance in cognitive dissonance.

作者信息

Starzyk Katherine B, Fabrigar Leandre R, Soryal Ashley S, Fanning Jessie J

机构信息

Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

出版信息

Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2009 Jan;35(1):126-37. doi: 10.1177/0146167208325613.

DOI:10.1177/0146167208325613

PMID:19106082

Abstract

In his seminal book, L. Festinger (1957) emphasized the role of attitude importance in cognitive dissonance. This study (N = 308) explored whether people's use of dissonance reduction strategies differs as a function of level of attitude importance and whether the personal importance of an attitude is salient. Results showed that level and salience of attitude importance interacted to affect high-choice (HC) participants' tendency to use attitude change and trivialization to reduce dissonance. When HC participants were not reminded of the personal importance of their attitude (i.e., it was not salient), they changed their attitudes equally irrespective of attitude importance, but engaged in greater trivialization with increasing levels of importance. In contrast, when attitude importance was salient, HC participants changed their attitudes less with increasing attitude importance and showed no evidence of trivializing under any level of importance.

摘要

L. 费斯廷格（1957年）在其具有开创性的著作中强调了态度重要性在认知失调中的作用。本研究（N = 308）探讨了人们使用失调减少策略的方式是否会因态度重要性水平的不同而有所差异，以及一种态度的个人重要性是否显著。结果表明，态度重要性的水平和显著性相互作用，影响了高选择（HC）参与者使用态度改变和轻视来减少失调的倾向。当HC参与者未被提醒其态度的个人重要性时（即不显著），无论态度重要性如何他们都会同等程度地改变态度，但随着重要性水平的提高会更多地进行轻视。相比之下，当态度重要性显著时，HC参与者随着态度重要性的增加而较少改变态度，并且在任何重要性水平下都没有表现出轻视的迹象。