Sándor Tamás
Semmelweis Egyetem, Altalános Orvostudományi Kar II. Sebészeti Klinika Budapest Kútvölgyi út 4. 1125.
Orv Hetil. 2009 Jan 18;150(3):99-108. doi: 10.1556/OH.2009.28542.
In Hungary, the first studies on travel thrombosis were published at the beginning of the 2000s. In this paper recent investigational results of this special type of venous thrombosis have been reviewed. Travel thrombosis is a subgroup of sitting thromboses. It is a consequence of prolonged sitting which is common of ground transportation and air travel. More and more computer-linked sitting thromboses have been observed as well. Long-haul air travel related venous thrombosis is a multifactorial disease. Possible contributory risk factors are in connection with the milieu of the cabin. Various investigations evaluated the effect of immobilization and hypobaric hypoxia on thrombin generation and fibrinolysis. The studies differed much in participants' characteristics, duration and type of exposure and statistical analysis, so the results are contradictory. Personal, traveller-related risk factors may be regarded as triggers. The presently available evidences do not permit to assess the exact actual risk. For healthy young passengers there seem to be low risk. However, passengers suffering from predisposing factors for venous thromboembolism can be exposed to serious hazards, if they fly more than 5000 km or travel more than 8 hours. Proper safety measures are summarized on the basis of recent international recommendations.
在匈牙利，关于旅行性血栓形成的首批研究于21世纪初发表。本文对这种特殊类型静脉血栓形成的近期研究结果进行了综述。旅行性血栓形成是久坐性血栓形成的一个亚组。它是长时间坐着的结果，这在地面交通和航空旅行中很常见。也观察到越来越多与电脑相关的久坐性血栓形成。长途航空旅行相关的静脉血栓形成是一种多因素疾病。可能的促成风险因素与机舱环境有关。各种研究评估了固定不动和低压缺氧对凝血酶生成和纤维蛋白溶解的影响。这些研究在参与者特征、暴露持续时间和类型以及统计分析方面差异很大，因此结果相互矛盾。个人的、与旅行者相关的风险因素可被视为触发因素。目前可得的证据不允许评估确切的实际风险。对于健康的年轻乘客来说，风险似乎较低。然而，患有静脉血栓栓塞症易感因素的乘客，如果飞行超过5000公里或旅行超过8小时，可能会面临严重危险。基于近期国际建议总结了适当的安全措施。
