Arnold Sebastian J, Robertson Elizabeth J
Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK.
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2009 Feb;10(2):91-103. doi: 10.1038/nrm2618. Epub 2009 Jan 8.
Genetic studies have identified the key signalling pathways and developmentally regulated transcription factors that govern cell lineage allocation and axis patterning in the early mammalian embryo. Recent advances have uncovered details of the molecular circuits that tightly control cell growth and differentiation in the mammalian embryo from the blastocyst stage, through the establishment of initial anterior-posterior polarity, to gastrulation, when the germ cells are set aside and the three primary germ layers are specified. Relevant studies in lower vertebrates indicate the conservation and divergence of regulatory mechanisms for cell lineage allocation and axis patterning.
遗传学研究已经确定了在早期哺乳动物胚胎中控制细胞谱系分配和轴模式形成的关键信号通路以及发育调控转录因子。最近的进展揭示了分子回路的细节，这些分子回路从囊胚期开始紧密控制哺乳动物胚胎中的细胞生长和分化，经过初始前后极性的建立，直至原肠胚形成，此时生殖细胞被分离出来，三个主要胚层也得以确定。在低等脊椎动物中的相关研究表明了细胞谱系分配和轴模式形成调控机制的保守性和差异性。
