Gonzalez De Canales Maria Luisa, Oliva Milagrosa, Garrido Carmen
Biology Department, Marine and Environmental Sciences Faculty, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain.
J Environ Sci Health B. 2009 Feb;44(2):95-105. doi: 10.1080/03601230802598953.
The purpose of the present study was to research the sublethal and/or lethal effects produced by the exposure of fish and shellfish to the gamma isomer of lindane, gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (gamma-HCH). The teleostean fish Sparus aurata and the shellfish Crassostrea angulata and Scrobicularia plana, were exposed to 16 micro g/L of lindane for 15 days. Samples of different fish (liver, kidney and gills) and shellfish (gills, gut, digestive gland and mantle) tissues were extracted and processed for histopathological observations. Although mortality was not detected during the bioassay, sublethal effects (histopathological alterations) were observed. Vacuolization in the liver cells and lamellar fusion in gills from exposed fish were observed. Disorganization of normal gill structure, epithelial desquamation with the disappearance of apical ciliature in intestine, and inflammatory response in mantle from exposed shellfish were also observed. Thus, it can be concluded that the lindane concentration employed in the present research did not produce lethal effects in the exposed organisms but it caused sublethal effects. Lindane has time-dependent multiple toxic effects in S. aurata, C. angulata and S. plana, which were more severe at the end of the experimental time. The toxicological implications arising from these results are subjects for further multiconcentration tests dealing with lethal responses (mortality) or with sublethal responses (cellular/molecular biomarkers) of the aforementioned species.
本研究的目的是探究鱼类和贝类暴露于林丹的γ异构体——γ-六氯环己烷（γ-HCH）所产生的亚致死和/或致死效应。将硬骨鱼金头鲷以及贝类角蚶和泥蚶暴露于16μg/L的林丹中15天。提取不同鱼类（肝脏、肾脏和鳃）和贝类（鳃、肠道、消化腺和外套膜）组织的样本并进行处理，以进行组织病理学观察。尽管在生物测定过程中未检测到死亡率，但观察到了亚致死效应（组织病理学改变）。观察到暴露鱼类的肝细胞空泡化和鳃的片状融合。还观察到暴露贝类的鳃正常结构紊乱、肠道上皮脱落且顶端纤毛消失以及外套膜的炎症反应。因此，可以得出结论，本研究中使用的林丹浓度在暴露生物中未产生致死效应，但引起了亚致死效应。林丹对金头鲷、角蚶和泥蚶具有时间依赖性的多种毒性作用，在实验末期更为严重。这些结果所产生的毒理学影响是进一步进行多浓度试验的主题，这些试验涉及上述物种的致死反应（死亡率）或亚致死反应（细胞/分子生物标志物）。
