Lindqvist A, Parviainen P, Jalonen J, Tuominen J, Välimäki I, Laitinen L A
Research Institute of Military Medicine, Central Military Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Cardiovasc Res. 1991 Aug;25(8):666-75. doi: 10.1093/cvr/25.8.666.
The study assessed the physiological validity of an automatic thermal stimulation method to induce synchronised oscillations in the neural cardiovascular control system.
Automatic alternating rhythmic warm and cool immersion of different skin areas of 18 males was done at different frequencies and water temperatures. The neurally mediated responses to the periodic thermal stimulation were measured from skin blood flow and heart rate and compared to those of a sham stimulation. Respiration was monitored for control purposes. The reproducibility of the stimulation and responses was examined.
18 young males volunteered for the study.
The water bath method produced reproducible thermal stimulation and responses of skin blood flow and heart rate. Rhythmic thermal stimulation at 0.013-0.096 Hz synchronised the oscillations of the forearm skin blood flow when the thermal stimulus amplitude exceeded 10 degrees C. The increase in the stimulus amplitude or enlargement of the stimulus area did not further increase the oscillatory response of skin blood flow. Sham stimulation or mean temperature of the periodic thermal stimulation in the range 23-33 degrees C did not influence the oscillations of skin blood flow. Local cooling of the stimulated lower legs attenuated the response of skin blood flow. Both thermal stimulation and sham stimulation affected heart rate, but no stable synchronisation of the periodic heart rate variability was found at supine rest. Thermal stimulation of the sitting subjects' forearm instead of legs increased the synchronisation of the periodic heart rate variability.
The response of skin blood flow agreed with the theory of the thermal entrainment. In a supine man, both thermal stimulation and non-specific central nervous influences induced significant and reproducible interactions with periodic heart rate variability and respiration.
本研究评估了一种自动热刺激方法在神经心血管控制系统中诱导同步振荡的生理有效性。
对18名男性的不同皮肤区域进行自动交替有节奏的温热和冷浸，频率和水温各不相同。通过测量皮肤血流量和心率来检测对周期性热刺激的神经介导反应，并与假刺激的反应进行比较。为进行对照，监测呼吸情况。检查刺激和反应的可重复性。
18名年轻男性自愿参与本研究。
水浴法产生了可重复的热刺激以及皮肤血流量和心率反应。当热刺激幅度超过10摄氏度时，0.013 - 0.096赫兹的有节奏热刺激使前臂皮肤血流量的振荡同步。刺激幅度增加或刺激区域扩大并未进一步增加皮肤血流量的振荡反应。假刺激或23 - 33摄氏度范围内的周期性热刺激平均温度不影响皮肤血流量的振荡。对受刺激的小腿进行局部冷却会减弱皮肤血流量反应。热刺激和假刺激均影响心率，但在仰卧休息时未发现周期性心率变异性的稳定同步。对坐位受试者的前臂而非腿部进行热刺激可增加周期性心率变异性的同步性。
皮肤血流量的反应符合热夹带理论。在仰卧男性中，热刺激和非特异性中枢神经影响均与周期性心率变异性和呼吸产生显著且可重复相互作用。
