School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
Arch Sex Behav. 2010 Jun;39(3):798-806. doi: 10.1007/s10508-008-9441-y. Epub 2009 Jan 13.
Men and women living in New Zealand and California completed five studies regarding human physique and sexual attractiveness. In Studies 1-3, women rated images of male stimuli and, in Studies 4-5, men rated female stimuli. In Study 1, women in both countries rated mesomorphic (muscular) and average male somatotypes as most attractive, followed by ectomorphic (slim) and endomorphic (heavily built) figures. In Study 2, amount and distribution of masculine trunk hair (chest and abdominal) was altered progressively in a series of front-posed male figures. In both countries, the image lacking any trunk hair was rated as the most attractive, with a steady decline in attractiveness as hirsutism became more pronounced. Study 3 assessed attractiveness of front-posed male figures that varied only in the length of the non-erect penis. Five lengths were presented: The smallest penile size was rated as less attractive than three intermediate sizes. The largest penile size was not the most attractive, but received higher scores than the unaltered and smallest penile size. In Study 4, men rated the attractiveness of back-posed female images varying in waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (from 0.5 to 1.0). The 0.7 WHR figure was rated more attractive in New Zealand and the 0.6 WHR in California. Study 5 measured the attractiveness of female skin color; men expressed preferences for lighter skinned female figures in New Zealand and California. Results indicate very similar preferences for sexually dimorphic physical traits among men and women of European extraction, living in two culturally and geographically different environments.
男性和女性分别居住在新西兰和加利福尼亚,他们完成了五份关于人体形态和性吸引力的研究。在研究 1-3 中,女性对男性刺激图像进行了评价,而在研究 4-5 中,男性对女性刺激图像进行了评价。在研究 1 中,两国女性都认为中胚层体型(肌肉发达)和平均男性体型最有吸引力,其次是外胚层体型(苗条)和内胚层体型(体型较大)。在研究 2 中,一系列正面展示的男性图像中,男性躯干毛发(胸部和腹部)的数量和分布逐渐改变。在这两个国家,没有任何躯干毛发的图像被评为最有吸引力的,随着多毛症变得更加明显,吸引力逐渐下降。研究 3 评估了仅在非勃起阴茎长度上有所不同的正面展示男性图像的吸引力。呈现了五个长度:最小阴茎尺寸的评分比三个中间尺寸的评分要低。最大的阴茎尺寸并不是最有吸引力的,但比未改变的和最小的阴茎尺寸获得更高的分数。在研究 4 中,男性对腰部到臀部比例(WHR)不同的背面展示女性图像的吸引力进行了评价(从 0.5 到 1.0)。0.7 WHR 体型在新西兰的评分更高,0.6 WHR 在加利福尼亚的评分更高。研究 5 测量了女性皮肤颜色的吸引力;男性表示更喜欢新西兰和加利福尼亚的肤色较浅的女性形象。结果表明,在生活在两个文化和地理环境不同的欧洲裔男性和女性中,对性二态性身体特征存在非常相似的偏好。