Rosenthal Beth Spenciner, Wilson W Cody
York College, Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 94-20 Guy R. Brewer Boulevard, Jamaica, New York, 11451, USA.
Adolescence. 2008 Winter;43(172):693-712.
This empirical study investigated three mechanisms of protection (preventive, compensatory, buffering) for two factors (emotional social support, sense of personal control) in the relationship between exposure to community violence and psychological distress among 947 diverse, older adolescents. Findings indicate that social support and sense of personal control do provide protection; however, the primary mechanism is compensatory (for support r = -.35; for control, r = -.48). Support but not control serves a preventive function (r = -.11). Neither variable protects via buffering-the mechanisms most commonly discussed in the literature. Protection is not a simple straightforward process.
这项实证研究调查了947名不同的大龄青少年在接触社区暴力与心理困扰之间的关系中，两种因素（情感社会支持、个人控制感）的三种保护机制（预防、补偿、缓冲）。研究结果表明，社会支持和个人控制感确实提供了保护；然而，主要机制是补偿性的（支持方面r = -0.35；控制方面，r = -0.48）。支持而非控制起到预防作用（r = -0.11）。这两个变量都不是通过缓冲来提供保护的——缓冲是文献中最常讨论的机制。保护不是一个简单直接的过程。
