Lema L E, Mcharo O N
Muhimbili Medical Centre, Incorporating Faculty of Medicine, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
East Afr Med J. 1991 Apr;68(4):270-5.
Subxiphoid pericardiostomy for diagnosis and treatment of pericardial effusion was used in 21 patients. Total evaluation of the pericardial contents, direct inspection to break down loculations, simultaneous biopsies of the pericardium and pericardial fluid samples for diagnostic tests were achieved while avoiding the need for repeated pericardiocentesis and more invasive and difficult open drainage methods. Complete drainage without recurrence was obtained in 19 patients with one death and recurrence of effusion in another one. Two of these 19 cases developed constrictive pericarditis on follow-up and required a pericardiectomy. No other complications were encountered. The procedure can be done safely under local anaesthesia for all types of pericardial effusions providing prompt and long term relief of the abnormal haemodynamics.
21例患者采用剑突下心包造口术诊断和治疗心包积液。在避免重复心包穿刺及更具侵入性和难度的开放引流方法的同时，实现了对心包内容物的全面评估、直接检查以打破分隔、同时进行心包活检及心包液样本诊断检测。19例患者实现了完全引流且无复发，1例死亡，另1例积液复发。这19例中有2例在随访中发展为缩窄性心包炎，需要进行心包切除术。未遇到其他并发症。该手术可在局部麻醉下安全地用于所有类型的心包积液，能迅速且长期缓解异常血流动力学。
