School of Nursing, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Biol Res Nurs. 2009 Oct;11(2):129-43. doi: 10.1177/1099800408324853. Epub 2009 Jan 15.
Untreated hypertension increases cardiovascular risk 2-fold to 3-fold, leading to serious cardiovascular problems that include left ventricular hypertrophy, stroke, ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, vascular disease, renal disease, and death. Exercise conditioning is recommended as one of the initial treatments for hypertension. The purpose of this pretest-posttest study was to quantify the effects of a 12-week home-based low-intensity exercise conditioning (walking) program in hypertensive men and women on systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and autonomic modulation of heart rate. A total of 20 mildly hypertensive men and women who were assigned to a structured exercise (walking) program were compared with a control group of 20 nonexercising mildly hypertensive participants. Electrocardiographic heart rate and R-R interval data and beat-by-beat arterial blood pressure data were collected continuously for 10 min with participants in the supine and standing postures and during low-intensity steady-state exercise. The results show that systolic and diastolic blood pressure and R-R interval decreased and spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity increased in the exercise group. The decline in blood pressure was significant statistically and clinically. The increase in spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity indicates that the ability of the cardiovascular system to respond rapidly to changing stimuli improved after the 12-week walking protocol. The low-intensity exercise conditioning program achieved a training effect in this population.
未经治疗的高血压会使心血管风险增加 2 至 3 倍，导致严重的心血管问题，包括左心室肥厚、中风、缺血性心脏病、心肌梗死、血管疾病、肾脏疾病和死亡。运动训练被推荐为高血压的初始治疗方法之一。本预-后测试研究的目的是量化 12 周家庭低强度运动训练（步行）方案对高血压男女的收缩压和舒张压、心率和心率自主调节的影响。共有 20 名轻度高血压男女被分配到一个结构化的运动（步行）方案中，与 20 名不运动的轻度高血压参与者对照组进行比较。在参与者处于仰卧和站立姿势以及进行低强度稳态运动期间，连续 10 分钟采集心电图心率和 R-R 间期数据以及逐拍动脉血压数据。结果表明，运动组的收缩压和舒张压以及 R-R 间期降低，自主血压反射敏感性增加。血压下降在统计学和临床上均有显著意义。自主血压反射敏感性的增加表明，在 12 周步行方案后，心血管系统对不断变化的刺激快速反应的能力得到了改善。该低强度运动训练方案在该人群中实现了训练效果。
