Palchetti Ilaria, Laschi Serena, Mascini Marco
Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
Methods Mol Biol. 2009;504:115-26. doi: 10.1007/978-1-60327-569-9_8.
In recent years, electrochemical sensors and biosensors are becoming an accepted part of analytical chemistry since they satisfy the expanding need for rapid and reliable measurements. An area in which electrochemical biosensors perhaps show the greatest diversity and potential for development involves the measurement of environmentally significant parameters. The increasing number of pollutants in the environment calls for fast and cost-effective analytical requirements. In this context, biosensors appear as suitable alternative or complementary analytical tools. The aim of this chapter is to review some basic concept concerning the electrochemical biosensors and to illustrate a protocol for the detection of environmental organic pollutants on the basis of electrochemical biosensors. In particular, a method based on the inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) for the detection of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides will be described in detail.
近年来，电化学传感器和生物传感器正成为分析化学中被认可的一部分，因为它们满足了对快速可靠测量不断增长的需求。电化学生物传感器可能展现出最大多样性和发展潜力的一个领域涉及对具有环境意义的参数的测量。环境中污染物数量的不断增加，需要快速且经济高效的分析方法。在这种背景下，生物传感器成为合适的替代或补充分析工具。本章的目的是回顾一些关于电化学生物传感器的基本概念，并阐述基于电化学生物传感器检测环境有机污染物的方案。特别地，将详细描述一种基于抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）来检测有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类农药的方法。
