Yu Xiaolin, Zhang Jianbao, Xie Dongdong, Wang Jue, Zhang Chong
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049 Xi'an, China.
Auton Neurosci. 2009 Mar 12;146(1-2):81-6. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2008.12.005. Epub 2009 Jan 25.
The cerebral cortex had massive bidirectional connections to autonomic nervous system and mental performance can induce change of autonomic activity, but which regions are related to autonomic function is not clear. The study was to analyze the scalp positions which may affect cardiac autonomic nervous activity during a mental arithmetic (MA) task. Forty-three healthy male subjects were voluntarily participated in the study. Sympathetic and parasympathetic activities were estimated with heart rate variability. Scalp potential was determined by the wavelet packet parameters and approximate entropy (ApEn) of Electroencephalogram (EEG). The results showed that heart rate and the normalized low frequency power component were significantly increased (p<0.01) and the high frequency power component was decreased (p<0.01). Meanwhile relative wavelet packet energy in alpha band of EEG at P3, P4, Pz, O1, O2 and Oz electrodes were decreased and the beta band of EEG at the same electrodes were increased significantly (p<0.01). ApEn was significantly increased in MA (p<0.01). Moreover, changes of brain activity were earlier than the changes of autonomic activity and significantly correlations existed between heart rate variability and wavelet packet energy (p<0.05). In addition, a significant positive correlation between HR change and the laterality ratio score of alpha band in P3 v P4 (p<0.05) were observed. It is noted that cerebral conscious activity enhanced with the decrease of parasympathetic activity and increase of sympathetic activity, and the right post-central areas dominated sympathetic activity during stress-inducing mental tasks.
大脑皮层与自主神经系统有着广泛的双向连接，心理活动能够引起自主神经活动的变化，但与自主神经功能相关的脑区尚不清楚。本研究旨在分析在进行心算任务时可能影响心脏自主神经活动的头皮位置。43名健康男性受试者自愿参与本研究。通过心率变异性评估交感神经和副交感神经活动。头皮电位由脑电图（EEG）的小波包参数和近似熵（ApEn）确定。结果显示，心率和标准化低频功率成分显著增加（p<0.01），高频功率成分降低（p<0.01）。同时，P3、P4、Pz、O1、O2和Oz电极处脑电图α波段的相对小波包能量降低，相同电极处脑电图β波段显著增加（p<0.01）。心算时ApEn显著增加（p<0.01）。此外，大脑活动的变化早于自主神经活动的变化，心率变异性与小波包能量之间存在显著相关性（p<0.05）。另外，观察到心率变化与P3对P4处α波段的偏侧比得分之间存在显著正相关（p<0.05）。值得注意的是，随着副交感神经活动减少和交感神经活动增加，大脑意识活动增强，在诱发应激的心理任务中，右侧中央后区主导交感神经活动。
