[Neuromyelitis optica with atypical cerebral lesions demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging in a 9-year old girl].

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a rare inflammatory disorder characterised by optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. We report a severe pediatric case presenting with impaired vision, tetraparesis, bladder retention and lower extremity pain. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated longitudinally extensive lesions of the spinal chord and atypical lesions in both cerebral hemispheres. Cerebrospinal fluid was pleocytotic. Symptoms responded well to intravenous immunoglobulin G and high-dose methyl prednisolone therapy.