Larson P, Rizzo A A, Buckwalter J G, Van Rooyen A, Kratz K, Neumann U, Kesselman C, Thiebaux M, Van Der Zaag C
Fuller Graduate School of Psychology, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA.
Cyberpsychol Behav. 1999;2(2):113-23. doi: 10.1089/cpb.1999.2.113.
Gender differences in cognitive and behavioral performance have been reported throughout the psychological literature. Consequently, gender differences should be considered and controlled for when cognitive research is conducted in virtual environments (VEs). These variables may include gender-related differences in cognitive performance, susceptibility for cybersickness, and the impact of sex hormones on cognition. Such issues are addressed in the context of a recent VE study of the visuospatial ability referred to as mental rotation. The Mental Rotation Test (MRT), a paper and pencil measure, has been shown to produce one of the largest gender differences in the cognitive literature. The outcomes of the MRT are in favor of males. However, results reported from a Virtual Reality Spatial Rotation (VRSR) test demonstrate no gender differences when subjects were able to manually manipulate the stimuli in a VE. Further analysis uncovers gender differences in the patterns of associations between verbal and spatial tasks and performance on VRSR. Results are discussed in terms of dimensionality factors and hemispheric lateralization.
整个心理学文献中都报道了认知和行为表现方面的性别差异。因此，在虚拟环境（VE）中进行认知研究时，应考虑并控制性别差异。这些变量可能包括认知表现中与性别相关的差异、晕动症易感性以及性激素对认知的影响。在最近一项关于被称为心理旋转的视觉空间能力的虚拟环境研究中探讨了此类问题。纸笔测试的心理旋转测试（MRT）已被证明在认知文献中产生了最大的性别差异之一。MRT的结果有利于男性。然而，虚拟现实空间旋转（VRSR）测试报告的结果表明，当受试者能够在虚拟环境中手动操作刺激物时，不存在性别差异。进一步分析发现，言语和空间任务之间的关联模式以及VRSR表现存在性别差异。从维度因素和半球侧化的角度对结果进行了讨论。
