Scott S H, Winter D A
Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Canada.
J Biomech. 1991;24(8):743-52. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(91)90338-n.
The purpose of this investigation was to study the kinematics and kinetics of the joints between the leg and calcaneus during the stance phase of walking. The talocrural and talocalcaneal joints were each assumed to act as monocentric single degree of freedom hinge joints. Motion at one joint was defined by the relative rotation of a point on the opposing joint. The results, based upon the gait of three subjects, showed that the hinge joint assumption may be reasonable. A discrepancy in the kinematics was shown between the talocrural joint rotation and its commonly assumed sagittal plane representation, especially during initial flatfoot. This discrepancy is due to the fact that the sagittal plane rotation is created by the combined rotations of the talocrural and talocalcaneal joints. The talocalcaneal joint showed a peak 25-30 Nm supinatory moment at 80% of stance. The talocrural joint moment was qualitatively similar to the commonly measured sagittal plane moment, but the present results show that the sagittal plane moment overpredicted the true moment by 6-22% due to the two-dimensional assumption.
本研究的目的是研究步行站立期小腿与跟骨之间关节的运动学和动力学。距小腿关节和距跟关节均被假定为单中心单自由度铰链接头。一个关节的运动由相对关节上一点的相对旋转定义。基于三名受试者的步态得出的结果表明，铰链接头假设可能是合理的。距小腿关节旋转与其通常假定的矢状面表现之间在运动学上存在差异，尤其是在初始扁平足期间。这种差异是由于矢状面旋转是由距小腿关节和距跟关节的联合旋转产生的。距跟关节在站立80%时显示出25 - 30 Nm的峰值旋后力矩。距小腿关节力矩在性质上与通常测量的矢状面力矩相似，但目前的结果表明，由于二维假设，矢状面力矩比真实力矩高估了6 - 22%。
