Graf R
General and Orthopedic Hospital, Stolzalpe, Austria.
Hip Int. 2007;17 Suppl 5:S8-14.
Hip sonography in the "Graf technique" is an important tool to detect early DDH cases and dysplastic hips in the German speaking countries, although hip sonography is still controversially discussed in the English speaking countries. The reason may be different techniques with different classification and outcome. Exact anatomical identification, measurement technique, typing, difference between instability and elasticity with a reproducible "standard plane" is absolutely necessary to make hip ultrasound (US) comparable and reliable. US screening had reduced open reductions in Germany to 1:4000, in Austria to 0.23 per thousand. Because of the early screening and earlier less aggressive treatment, the overall costs could be reduced by 1/3 in comparison to the pre-ultrasound area. US screening seems to prevent many, but not all operations and can be recommended as an important tool for prevention.
在德语国家，采用“格拉夫技术”的髋关节超声检查是检测早期发育性髋关节发育不良（DDH）病例和髋关节发育异常的重要工具，尽管在英语国家，髋关节超声检查仍存在争议。原因可能是不同的技术有不同的分类和结果。要使髋关节超声检查具有可比性和可靠性，精确的解剖识别、测量技术、分型、不稳定与弹性之间的差异以及可重复的“标准平面”是绝对必要的。超声筛查已使德国的开放性复位率降至1:4000，奥地利降至千分之0.23。由于早期筛查和更早采用的不那么激进的治疗方法，与超声检查之前相比，总体成本可降低三分之一。超声筛查似乎可以避免许多（但不是所有）手术，可作为一种重要的预防工具加以推荐。
