Debnath Jayanta
Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Methods Enzymol. 2009;452:423-39. doi: 10.1016/S0076-6879(08)03625-2.
Integrin-mediated cell adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM) is critical for normal epithelial cell survival; cells deprived of ECM contact rapidly undergo apoptotic cell death, termed anoikis. Recent work demonstrates that ECM detachment also robustly induces autophagy, which protects epithelial cells from the stresses of matrix detachment, allowing them to survive provided they can reattach in a timely manner. This chapter details the methods used to measure and manipulate detachment-induced autophagy during lumen formation in three-dimensional in vitro glandular epithelial cultures as well as in traditional substratum detachment assays employed to study anoikis.
整合素介导的细胞与细胞外基质（ECM）的粘附对于正常上皮细胞的存活至关重要；缺乏ECM接触的细胞会迅速经历凋亡性细胞死亡，即失巢凋亡。最近的研究表明，ECM脱离也能强烈诱导自噬，自噬可保护上皮细胞免受基质脱离的压力，使其在能够及时重新附着的情况下得以存活。本章详细介绍了在三维体外腺上皮培养物的管腔形成过程中以及在用于研究失巢凋亡的传统基质脱离试验中，测量和操纵脱离诱导的自噬所使用的方法。
