Powell Kenneth E, Roberts Alice M, Ross James G, Phillips Mary Ann C, Ujamaa Dawud A, Zhou Mei
Am J Prev Med. 2009 Apr;36(4):304-10. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2008.11.015. Epub 2009 Feb 7.
The nationwide epidemic of obesity may be due, in part, to declining levels of physical activity, raising the possibility that other components of health-related physical fitness may also be in decline. Few data are available to describe and monitor the physical fitness of children and youth. The Georgia Youth Fitness Assessment was conducted to assess health-related fitness in Georgia's fifth- and seventh-grade students, provide a baseline against which future progress could be measured, and guide public and private leaders and decision makers.
A statewide probability sample of fifth- and seventh-grade students designed to enable grade-specific comparisons by gender, race/ethnicity, and urban/rural status was drawn. Measurements included aerobic capacity; body composition; and muscular strength, endurance, and flexibility. Physical activity during the most recent 3 days was assessed. The survey was conducted in 2006; the data were analyzed in 2007-2008.
Ninety-three schools (86% response rate) and 5248 students (77% response rate) participated. Fifty-two percent of students did not meet the standard for healthy aerobic fitness; 23% did not meet the standard for muscular strength, endurance, and flexibility; 30% were outside the recommended range for BMI. Twenty-two percent did not achieve the recommended 60 minutes of daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. All subgroups (e.g., boys/girls, urban/rural) scored poorly.
Substantial numbers of Georgia's fifth- and seventh-grade students exhibit unhealthy levels of physical fitness. These data are consistent with the suggestion that physical inactivity has led to deficient levels of health-related fitness in more areas than just body composition. Monitoring all components of health-related fitness would provide helpful information about the health of children and youth.
全国范围内的肥胖流行可能部分归因于身体活动水平的下降，这增加了与健康相关的身体素质的其他组成部分也可能在下降的可能性。目前几乎没有数据可用于描述和监测儿童及青少年的身体素质。开展佐治亚州青少年体能评估旨在评估该州五年级和七年级学生与健康相关的体能状况，提供一个可衡量未来进展的基线，并为公共和私人领域的领导人和决策者提供指导。
抽取了一个全州范围的五年级和七年级学生概率样本，该样本旨在能够按性别、种族/族裔以及城市/农村状况进行特定年级的比较。测量内容包括有氧能力、身体成分以及肌肉力量、耐力和柔韧性。评估了最近3天的身体活动情况。该调查于2006年进行；数据于2007 - 2008年进行分析。
93所学校（回复率86%）和5248名学生（回复率77%）参与了调查。52%的学生未达到健康有氧体能标准；23%的学生未达到肌肉力量、耐力和柔韧性标准；30%的学生BMI超出推荐范围。22%的学生未达到建议的每天60分钟中等至剧烈身体活动量。所有亚组（如男孩/女孩、城市/农村）得分都很低。
佐治亚州大量五年级和七年级学生的身体素质处于不健康水平。这些数据与以下观点一致，即身体不活动导致与健康相关的体能在多个领域出现不足，而不仅仅是身体成分方面。监测与健康相关体能的所有组成部分将为儿童和青少年的健康提供有用信息。
