Yang Rusen, Qin Yong, Li Cheng, Zhu Guang, Wang Zhong Lin
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA.
Nano Lett. 2009 Mar;9(3):1201-5. doi: 10.1021/nl803904b.
A living species has numerous sources of mechanical energy, such as muscle stretching, arm/leg swings, walking/running, heart beats, and blood flow. We demonstrate a piezoelectric nanowire based nanogenerator that converts biomechanical energy, such as the movement of a human finger and the body motion of a live hamster (Campbell's dwarf), into electricity. A single wire generator (SWG) consists of a flexible substrate with a ZnO nanowire affixed laterally at its two ends on the substrate surface. Muscle stretching results in the back and forth stretching of the substrate and the nanowire. The piezoelectric potential created inside the wire leads to the flow of electrons in the external circuit. The output voltage has been increased by integrating multiple SWGs. A series connection of four SWGs produced an output voltage of up to approximately 0.1-0.15 V. The success of energy harvesting from a tapping finger and a running hamster reveals the potential of using the nanogenerators for scavenging low-frequency energy from regular and irregular biomotion.
生物物种拥有众多机械能来源，比如肌肉伸展、手臂/腿部摆动、行走/奔跑、心跳以及血液流动。我们展示了一种基于压电纳米线的纳米发电机，它能将生物机械能，如人类手指的运动和活仓鼠（坎贝尔侏儒仓鼠）的身体运动，转化为电能。单根线发电机（SWG）由一个柔性基板组成，在其表面横向两端固定有一根氧化锌纳米线。肌肉伸展导致基板和纳米线来回拉伸。纳米线内部产生的压电势会导致电子在外部电路中流动。通过整合多个单根线发电机，输出电压得以提高。四个单根线发电机串联产生的输出电压高达约0.1 - 0.15伏。从敲击的手指和奔跑的仓鼠中成功收集能量，揭示了使用纳米发电机从常规和不规则生物运动中 scavenging 低频能量的潜力。 （注：scavenging 此处可能是“收集”之意，但该词在语境中较难准确翻译，可根据上下文进一步确定其确切含义。）
