Yang Rusen, Qin Yong, Dai Liming, Wang Zhong Lin
Nat Nanotechnol. 2009 Jan;4(1):34-9. doi: 10.1038/nnano.2008.314. Epub 2008 Nov 9.
Converting mechanical energy into electricity could have applications in sensing, medical science, defence technology and personal electronics, and the ability of nanowires to 'scavenge' energy from ambient and environmental sources could prove useful for powering nanodevices. Previously reported nanowire generators were based on vertically aligned piezoelectric nanowires that were attached to a substrate at one end and free to move at the other. However, there were problems with the output stability, mechanical robustness, lifetime and environmental adaptability of such devices. Here we report a flexible power generator that is based on cyclic stretching-releasing of a piezoelectric fine wire that is firmly attached to metal electrodes at both ends, is packaged on a flexible substrate, and does not involve sliding contacts. Repeatedly stretching and releasing a single wire with a strain of 0.05-0.1% creates an oscillating output voltage of up to approximately 50 mV, and the energy conversion efficiency of the wire can be as high as 6.8%.
将机械能转化为电能在传感、医学、国防技术和个人电子产品等领域具有应用潜力，而纳米线从周围环境和环境源“收集”能量的能力可能被证明对为纳米设备供电很有用。先前报道的纳米线发电机基于垂直排列的压电纳米线，一端附着在基板上，另一端可自由移动。然而，这类设备在输出稳定性、机械鲁棒性、寿命和环境适应性方面存在问题。在此，我们报告一种柔性发电机，它基于一根两端牢固连接到金属电极的压电细丝的循环拉伸-释放，封装在柔性基板上，且不涉及滑动接触。以0.05-0.1%的应变反复拉伸和释放单根细丝可产生高达约50 mV的振荡输出电压，且该细丝的能量转换效率可高达6.8%。
