Ogunlesi Tinuade, Ogundeyi Mojisola, Olowu Adebiyi
Department of Pediatrics, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Indian J Pediatr. 2009 Apr;76(4):385-9. doi: 10.1007/s12098-009-0022-4. Epub 2009 Feb 10.
To determine the prevalence, aetiology and clinical pattern of childhood epilepsies in a Nigerian tertiary hospital.
A review of hospital records of children managed for epilepsies at the Pediatric Neurology Clinic. Data studied included the age at presentation, sex, socio-economic class, probable aetiology, clinical type of seizure, Electroencephalopgraphic (EEG) pattern and presence of other neurologic disorders co-existing with seizures.
Out of 183 children, 138 had epilepsies giving a prevalence of 75.4%. Sixty nine (54.7%) were aged 6 months to 3 years at the first visit and 115 (69.9%) belonged to lower socio-economic classes IV and V. Birth asphyxia 47 (37.3%) and brain infections in 28 (21.9%) were the leading aetiologies. Generalized tonic-clonic seizures, complex partial seizures and rolandic seizures occurred in 55 (76.9%), 8 (6.3%) and 2 (4.8%) children respectively. Inter-ictal EEG abnormalities were recorded among 72/77 children. Seizures co-existed with other neurologic deficits in 86 (68.3%) of all epileptic cases. 95 (75.4%) children had defaulted from the clinic as at the time of the study. 21 (19.6%) had poor response to drug treatment. Presence of other neurological disorders (p = 0.029) and multiple aetiologies (p = 0.0000) were associated with poor response to drug treatment.
Most cases of childhood epilepsy in Sagamu, Nigeria are due to preventable perinatal and neonatal conditions. Therefore, improved obstetric and neonatal care may reduce the prevalence of this condition.
确定一家尼日利亚三级医院儿童癫痫的患病率、病因及临床模式。
回顾儿科神经科门诊治疗癫痫儿童的医院记录。研究的数据包括就诊年龄、性别、社会经济阶层、可能的病因、癫痫发作的临床类型、脑电图（EEG）模式以及与癫痫并存的其他神经系统疾病。
183名儿童中，138名患有癫痫，患病率为75.4%。首次就诊时，69名（54.7%）年龄在6个月至3岁之间，115名（69.9%）属于社会经济较低的IV和V阶层。出生窒息47例（37.3%）和脑部感染28例（21.9%）是主要病因。全身性强直阵挛发作、复杂部分性发作和罗兰多癫痫分别发生在55名（76.9%）、8名（6.3%）和2名（4.8%）儿童中。77名儿童中有72名记录到发作间期脑电图异常。所有癫痫病例中，86例（68.3%）癫痫与其他神经功能缺损并存。截至研究时，95名（75.4%）儿童已从诊所失访。21名（19.6%）对药物治疗反应不佳。存在其他神经系统疾病（p = 0.029）和多种病因（p = 0.0000）与药物治疗反应不佳相关。
尼日利亚萨加穆的大多数儿童癫痫病例是由可预防的围产期和新生儿疾病引起的。因此，改善产科和新生儿护理可能会降低这种疾病的患病率。
