Public Health, Protestant University of Applied Sciences, Paulusweg 6, 71638, Ludwigsburg, Germany.
Arch Womens Ment Health. 2009 Jun;12(3):173-81. doi: 10.1007/s00737-009-0051-z. Epub 2009 Feb 11.
Little research has been carried out on prevalence rates of distress (e.g. depression, posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), hopelessness, and burnout) of women in different age groups. The aims of this study were to measure the prevalence rate of depression, posttraumatic stress symptoms, hopelessness, and burnout among women and to clarify the associations between age groups and distress. Cross sectional epidemiological study on women in Sweden (n = 6,000, aged 18-64 years, response rate 64.1%). Measures were questionnaires on socio-economic and work-related characteristics and on depression, posttraumatic stress symptoms, hopelessness, and burnout. Depression was measured with the "General Health Questionnaire" (GHQ), PTSS with the "Posttraumatic Symptom Scale", hopelessness with the "Hopelessness Scale" and burnout with the "Shiron-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire" (SMBQ). The prevalence rate of depression varied from 12.5% to 14.1%; of posttraumatic stress symptoms from 23.5% to 33.3%; of hopelessness from 11.5% to 16%; and of burnout from 22.9% to 17.1%. Depression was not associated with age group. Hopelessness was associated with age group in univariate analysis bur not in multivariate analysis (OR = 0.7, 95% CI = 0.5-1.0). PTSS and burnout were associated with age group. Both symptoms were higher in the youngest age group, compared to the eldest age group (posttraumatic stress symptoms: OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.2, 2.1; burnout: OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.1-2.1). Younger women show higher prevalence rates of PTSS and burnout compared to elder women. The higher prevalence rates of PTSS and burnout among younger women may be associated with job strain and/or with violent life events.
这项研究旨在测量女性中抑郁、创伤后应激症状、绝望和倦怠的患病率，并阐明年龄组与痛苦之间的关系。这项在瑞典开展的横断面流行病学研究纳入了 6000 名年龄在 18-64 岁的女性（应答率为 64.1%）。研究采用问卷评估社会经济和与工作相关的特征以及抑郁、创伤后应激症状、绝望和倦怠。抑郁用“一般健康问卷”（GHQ）评估，创伤后应激症状用“创伤后症状量表”评估，绝望用“绝望量表”评估，倦怠用“Shiron-Melamed 倦怠问卷”（SMBQ）评估。抑郁的患病率为 12.5%-14.1%；创伤后应激症状的患病率为 23.5%-33.3%；绝望的患病率为 11.5%-16%；倦怠的患病率为 22.9%-17.1%。抑郁与年龄组无关。在单变量分析中，绝望与年龄组相关，但在多变量分析中不相关（OR=0.7，95%CI=0.5-1.0）。创伤后应激症状和倦怠与年龄组相关。与最年长的年龄组相比，这两种症状在最年轻的年龄组中更为常见（创伤后应激症状：OR=1.6，95%CI=1.2-2.1；倦怠：OR=1.5，95%CI=1.1-2.1）。年轻女性比年长女性有更高的创伤后应激症状和倦怠患病率。年轻女性中创伤后应激症状和倦怠的更高患病率可能与工作压力和/或暴力生活事件有关。
