Mishra B P, Kataria R S, Bulandi S S, Prakash B, Kathiravan P, Mukesh M, Sadana D K
National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, India.
J Anim Breed Genet. 2009 Feb;126(1):69-79. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0388.2008.00759.x.
The present study aimed at assessing the status of the Chilika buffalo population of eastern India employing cytogenetic and molecular markers. The Chilika buffaloes investigated cytogenetically possess a somatic chromosome count of 50, identical to that of typical riverine buffaloes. Various diversity estimates, viz. observed number of alleles (4.68), effective number of alleles (2.79), and observed (0.487) and expected (0.602) heterozygosity across 25 heterologous microsatellite markers indicated the presence of a moderate level of genetic diversity in Chilika buffaloes, comparable with three other prominent Indian riverine buffalo breeds (Murrah, Nagpuri and Toda) included in this study. Across the four buffalo populations, mean estimates of F-statistics from Jackknifing over loci were significantly different from zero (p < 0.05), with F(IT) (total inbreeding estimate) = 0.315 +/- 0.038, F(IS) (within-population inbreeding estimate) = 0.178 +/- 0.038, and F(ST) (population differentiation) = 0.166 +/- 0.025. Inter-breed analysis reflected Chilika buffaloes to be genetically close to Nagpuri followed by Murrah and Toda buffaloes. Factorial correspondence analysis (FCA) revealed low breed-specific clustering of Chilika and Nagpuri buffaloes. Additionally, the neighbour-joining tree structure of mitochondrial DNA D-loop haplotypes indicated clear grouping of the Chilika haplotypes with the riverine buffalo. Thus the cytogenetic, microsatellite and mitochondrial data analysed in the present study classify Chilika buffalo of eastern India to be of the riverine type and not swamp-type buffalo.
本研究旨在利用细胞遗传学和分子标记评估印度东部奇利卡水牛种群的状况。经细胞遗传学研究的奇利卡水牛体细胞染色体数为50条，与典型的河流水牛相同。通过对25个异源微卫星标记的各种多样性估计，即观察到的等位基因数（4.68）、有效等位基因数（2.79）以及观察到的杂合度（0.487）和期望杂合度（0.602），表明奇利卡水牛存在中等水平的遗传多样性，与本研究中纳入的其他三个著名的印度河流水牛品种（摩拉水牛、那格浦尔水牛和托达水牛）相当。在这四个水牛种群中，通过对位点进行刀切法得到的F统计量的平均估计值显著不同于零（p < 0.05），其中F(IT)（总近亲繁殖估计值）= 0.315 ± 0.038，F(IS)（种群内近亲繁殖估计值）= 0.178 ± 0.038以及F(ST)（种群分化）= 0.166 ± 0.025。品种间分析表明，奇利卡水牛在遗传上与那格浦尔水牛关系密切，其次是摩拉水牛和托达水牛。因子对应分析（FCA）显示奇利卡水牛和那格浦尔水牛的品种特异性聚类程度较低。此外，线粒体DNA D环单倍型的邻接法树状结构表明，奇利卡单倍型与河流水牛有明显的聚类。因此，本研究中分析的细胞遗传学、微卫星和线粒体数据将印度东部的奇利卡水牛归类为河流水牛类型，而非沼泽水牛类型。
