Ben Hamouda Ibtissem, Mrabet Amel
Service de Neurologie, EPS Charles Nicolle, Tunis.
Tunis Med. 2008 Nov;86(11):960-2.
Child epilepsy continues to concern the researchers and the clinicians and carried out these last years of important progress as well in the genetic field, as in physiopathology, clinic and therapeutic one. The identification of new genes of epilepsy, epilepsies related to channelopathy and new phenotypes related to precise genetic mutations, constitutes a major progress of paediatric epilepsy. The debate around the role of febrile convulsions in the development of hippocampal sclerosis is started again thanks to Diffusion MRI techniques. In utero exposure to antiepileptic drugs (AED), and its effects on neurodevelopment, is a very active field of research. An exposure to a polytherapy or to valproate would increase the risk of development delay. The ketogenic diet could be an alternative therapeutic during refractory epilepsies but can have serious consequences on the growth. Temporal lobe surgery is a good therapeutic option for refractory epilepsies of the child and offers, to him, better chances of social integration.
儿童癫痫仍然是研究人员和临床医生关注的问题，并且在过去几年里，在遗传领域、病理生理学、临床和治疗方面都取得了重要进展。癫痫新基因的鉴定、与通道病相关的癫痫以及与精确基因突变相关的新表型，构成了小儿癫痫的一项重大进展。借助扩散磁共振成像技术，关于热性惊厥在海马硬化发展中的作用的争论再次展开。子宫内接触抗癫痫药物（AED）及其对神经发育的影响，是一个非常活跃的研究领域。接受联合治疗或接触丙戊酸盐会增加发育迟缓的风险。生酮饮食可能是难治性癫痫的一种替代治疗方法，但会对生长产生严重影响。颞叶手术是儿童难治性癫痫的一种良好治疗选择，能为其提供更好的社会融入机会。
