Departament de Bioquimica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Campus Sescelades, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain.
J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Mar 11;57(5):1841-7. doi: 10.1021/jf803421w.
Trace amounts of the carcinogen ethyl carbamate can appear in wine by the reaction of ethanol with compounds such as citrulline and carbamyl phosphate, which are produced from arginine degradation by some wine lactic acid bacteria (LAB). In this work, the presence of arc genes for the arginine-deiminase pathway was studied in several strains of different species of LAB. Their ability to degrade arginine was also studied. To detect the presence of arc genes, degenerate primers were designed from the alignment of protein sequences in already sequenced LAB. The usefulness of these degenerate primers has been proven by sequencing some of the amplified PCR fragments and searching for homologies with published sequences of the same species and related ones. Correlation was found between the presence of genes and the ability to degrade arginine. Degrading strains included all heterofermentative lactobacilli, Oenococcus oeni , Pediococcus pentosaceus , and some strains of Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Lactobacillus plantarum .
痕量的致癌物质氨基甲酸乙酯可能会在葡萄酒中出现，这是由于乙醇与柠檬酸和氨基甲酰磷酸等化合物反应所致，而这些化合物是由一些葡萄酒乳杆菌（LAB）从精氨酸降解产生的。在这项工作中，研究了几种不同种属的 LAB 菌株中精氨酸脱亚氨酶途径的 arc 基因的存在情况，并研究了它们降解精氨酸的能力。为了检测 arc 基因的存在，从已经测序的 LAB 的蛋白质序列比对中设计了简并引物。这些简并引物的有用性已经通过对一些扩增的 PCR 片段进行测序，并与同一物种和相关物种的已发表序列进行同源性搜索得到了证明。基因的存在与降解精氨酸的能力之间存在相关性。具有降解能力的菌株包括所有异型发酵乳杆菌、酒香酵母、戊糖片球菌，以及一些肠膜明串珠菌和植物乳杆菌的菌株。
