Gaiser Robert R
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Anesth Analg. 2009 Mar;108(3):948-54. doi: 10.1213/ane.0b013e3181935ac1.
Professionalism is one of the core competencies to be taught and evaluated during residency. A review of the literature suggests that professionalism is not completely understood or practiced. The teaching of professionalism has been incorporated into the educational programs for residents. However, residents learn from two curriculums: the stated curriculum and a hidden curriculum. The hidden curriculum represents the actions observed by the resident of the faculty in the hospital. The impact of this hidden curriculum upon professional behavior by the resident is significant. Due to the hidden curriculum, a possible means of improving professionalism involves the development of a program for faculty. This program must include not only topics but time for personal reflection of one's knowledge and actions. Self-reflection allows for the development of a true understanding and practice of professionalism and may improve professional behavior.
专业素养是住院医师培训期间需要教授和评估的核心能力之一。对文献的回顾表明，专业素养并未得到完全理解或践行。专业素养的教学已纳入住院医师教育项目。然而，住院医师从两种课程中学习：既定课程和隐性课程。隐性课程代表住院医师在医院观察到的带教老师的行为。这种隐性课程对住院医师职业行为的影响很大。由于隐性课程的存在，提高专业素养的一种可能方法是为带教老师制定一个项目。这个项目不仅必须包括主题，还必须留出时间让个人反思自己的知识和行为。自我反思有助于真正理解和践行专业素养，并可能改善职业行为。
