Lee Kristen Schultz, Ono Hiroshi
Department of Sociology, University at Buffalo, SUNY, 430 Park Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.
Soc Sci Res. 2008 Dec;37(4):1216-34. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2008.02.005.
This paper examines the relationship between specialization and happiness in marriage in the U.S. and Japan. Our findings, based on the General Social Surveys in the U.S. and Japan, indicate both similarities and differences in the determinants of marital happiness in the two countries. In the U.S., the findings are mixed. Women's reported marital happiness in the U.S. is more likely to follow the predictions of the bargaining model where their happiness is determined by their own income. Men's marital happiness in the U.S. follows the predictions of the specialization model; they are happier if their wives are not working or, alternatively, if they are financially dependent on their wives. In Japan, we find support for the specialization model, particularly in the case of women; they are happier if they are specialized in the household and they have a higher household income. Our research highlights how marital quality is affected by the institutional context and the normative environment.
本文考察了美国和日本婚姻中的专业化与幸福感之间的关系。我们基于美国和日本的综合社会调查得出的研究结果表明，两国婚姻幸福感的决定因素既有相似之处，也有不同之处。在美国，研究结果喜忧参半。在美国，女性报告的婚姻幸福感更有可能符合议价模型的预测，即她们的幸福感由自己的收入决定。美国男性的婚姻幸福感符合专业化模型的预测；如果他们的妻子不工作，或者相反，如果他们在经济上依赖妻子，他们会更幸福。在日本，我们发现专业化模型得到了支持，尤其是在女性方面；如果她们专注于家务且家庭收入较高，她们会更幸福。我们的研究突出了婚姻质量是如何受到制度背景和规范环境影响的。
