Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Avda de Atenas s/n, Alcorcón 28922 Madrid, Spain.
J Diabetes Complications. 2010 Mar-Apr;24(2):96-101. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2009.01.001. Epub 2009 Feb 20.
We examined time trends in the use of health care services between diabetic and nondiabetic adults in Spain and their associations with sociodemographics variables.
Using data from two national health surveys, we estimated use of health care services, including hospital days per person-year, in the diabetic and nondiabetic populations in 1993 (n=20,880) and 2006 (n=29,478) in Spain. As the dependent variable, we took the answer to the questions, "Has used emergency medical services in the preceding year?" and/or "Have you been admitted to hospital in the preceding year?" Independent variables were age group, gender, educational level, and coexistence of chronic conditions.
Use of emergency medical services has been significantly incremented between 1993 and 2006-from 19.6% to 36.6% for the diabetic population and from 13.8% to 29.0% for the nondiabetics. In the diabetic population, with respect to hospital admission, 13.2% of diabetics said that they had been hospitalized in 1993 compared with 18.0% in 2006 (P<.05). The results of multivariate analysis, after controlling for confounders, indicated that diabetics used significantly more health care resources in 2006 than in 1993 [odds ratio (OR)=1.34, 95% confidential interval (CI)=1.01-1.79 for admission in hospital and OR=2.03 95% CI=1.58-2.62]. Also, the length of hospital stay for diabetics increased significantly in 2006 with respect to 1993 (1.38 relative hospital days).
Spanish diabetic individuals used health care services (emergency room, admission to hospital) more often than nondiabetics. Furthermore, the length of hospital stay increased among the diabetics surveyed in 2006 compared with that in 1993.
我们研究了西班牙糖尿病人和非糖尿病人使用医疗服务的时间趋势及其与社会人口统计学变量的关系。
利用来自两项全国性健康调查的数据，我们估计了 1993 年（20880 人）和 2006 年（29478 人）西班牙糖尿病人和非糖尿病人的医疗服务使用情况，包括每人每年住院天数。作为因变量，我们采用了以下问题的答案：“在过去一年中是否使用过急诊医疗服务？”和/或“在过去一年中是否住院？”。自变量为年龄组、性别、教育程度和慢性病共存情况。
1993 年至 2006 年期间，急诊医疗服务的使用率显著增加-糖尿病人从 19.6%增加到 36.6%，非糖尿病人从 13.8%增加到 29.0%。在糖尿病人群中，与住院有关的是，1993 年有 13.2%的糖尿病患者表示他们住院过，而 2006 年这一比例为 18.0%（P<.05）。在控制了混杂因素后，多变量分析的结果表明，与 1993 年相比，2006 年糖尿病人使用医疗资源的比例显著增加[住院的比值比（OR）为 1.34，95%置信区间（CI）为 1.01-1.79，OR 为 2.03，95%CI 为 1.58-2.62]。此外，与 1993 年相比，2006 年糖尿病人的住院时间显著增加（相对住院天数为 1.38）。
西班牙糖尿病人比非糖尿病人更频繁地使用医疗服务（急诊室、住院）。此外，与 1993 年相比，2006 年接受调查的糖尿病人的住院时间增加。
