Rees Douglas C, Johnson Eric, Lewinson Oded
Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 114-96, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2009 Mar;10(3):218-27. doi: 10.1038/nrm2646.
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters constitute a ubiquitous superfamily of integral membrane proteins that are responsible for the ATP-powered translocation of many substrates across membranes. The highly conserved ABC domains of ABC transporters provide the nucleotide-dependent engine that drives transport. By contrast, the transmembrane domains that create the translocation pathway are more variable. Recent structural advances with prokaryotic ABC transporters have provided a qualitative molecular framework for deciphering the transport cycle. An important goal is to develop quantitative models that detail the kinetic and molecular mechanisms by which ABC transporters couple the binding and hydrolysis of ATP to substrate translocation.
ATP结合盒（ABC）转运蛋白构成了一个普遍存在的整合膜蛋白超家族，负责许多底物在膜上由ATP驱动的转运。ABC转运蛋白高度保守的ABC结构域提供了驱动转运的核苷酸依赖性引擎。相比之下，形成转运途径的跨膜结构域则更具多样性。原核ABC转运蛋白最近的结构进展为解读转运循环提供了一个定性的分子框架。一个重要目标是建立定量模型，详细阐述ABC转运蛋白将ATP的结合与水解和底物转运偶联起来的动力学和分子机制。
