Alonso Elena, González-Núñez Manuel, Carbonell Gregoria, Fernández Carlos, Tarazona José V
Laboratory for Ecotoxicology, Department of the Environment, INIA, Crta. de la Coruña, km 7.5, Madrid 28040, Spain.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2009 May;72(4):1038-44. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2008.08.004. Epub 2009 Feb 23.
This paper presents an experimental design for quantifying the transfer of chemicals at low trophic levels of terrestrial ecosystems. The soil microcosms, MS.3(foodchain) (food chain multi-specie soil system) covered the transfer from soil to earthworms (Eisenia fetida) and from soil to plant (Triticum aestivum), then to phytophagus (Rhopalosiphum padi) and finally predator (Chrysoperla carnea) species. Cadmium was used as model pollutant. Cadmium accumulation in foliar invertebrates was related to the species biology. A significant transfer of this metal through the minimized food chain was found for all species, but not a biomagnification in the predator species. Results pointed out the relevance of foliar invertebrates and their trophic relationships as additional exposure routes for assessing secondary poisoning in predators. Hence, MS.3(foodchain), could be applied for terrestrial environmental risk assessment when potential bioaccumulation could be expected.
本文提出了一种用于量化陆地生态系统低营养级化学物质转移的实验设计。土壤微观系统MS.3（食物链）（食物链多物种土壤系统）涵盖了从土壤到蚯蚓（赤子爱胜蚓）、从土壤到植物（普通小麦），再到植食性动物（麦长管蚜），最后到捕食性动物（大草蛉）物种的转移过程。镉被用作模型污染物。叶栖无脊椎动物中镉的积累与物种生物学特性有关。对于所有物种，均发现这种金属通过最小化食物链有显著转移，但在捕食性动物物种中未出现生物放大现象。结果指出，叶栖无脊椎动物及其营养关系作为评估捕食性动物二次中毒的额外暴露途径具有重要意义。因此，当预期可能存在生物累积时，MS.3（食物链）可用于陆地环境风险评估。
