Portier Karine G, Jaillardon Laetitia, Leece Elizabeth A, Walsh Catherine M
Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2009 Mar;36(2):173-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2008.00445.x.
To evaluate the effects of local anaesthesia with lidocaine for castration of horses under intravenous anaesthesia.
Prospective, randomized, blinded clinical trial.
Fifteen equidae, scheduled to undergo castration under total intravenous anaesthesia, were randomly distributed in two groups. One group received lidocaine injections (group L: two ponies, four horses, two donkeys) and the other received saline (group S: two ponies, three horses, two donkeys).
Behaviour, heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (f(R)) were evaluated prior to anaesthesia. Body mass was measured using an electronic scale and testicular volumes were estimated. The animals were anaesthetized with acepromazine intramuscularly and romifidine intravenously followed 10 minutes later by ketamine. Following romifidine administration lidocaine or saline was administered subcutaneously along the incision line and by intratesticular and intrafunicular injection. Based on clinical observations (movement, f(R), and cranial nerve reflexes) incremental intravenous doses of ketamine and romifidine were administered. HR, f(R), oscillometric mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), duration of surgery, movement and additional doses were recorded. Surgical conditions were assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and a simple descriptive scale (SDS). Recovery was assessed by two assistants, unaware of treatment, acting separately using a VAS and a SDS. Group means were compared using Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests and the Kruskal-Wallis signed rank test for matched pairs used to compare groups at different points (p < 0.05).
The number (median, range) of incremental doses (4 [1-5] compared to 1.5 [1-4]) and movements (1 [1-5] compared to 0 [0-1]) were higher (p = 0.01 for both) in the control group than in the lidocaine group. Groups were similar for other recorded variables.
These results show the effectiveness of lidocaine used as a local anaesthetic adjunct to intravenous anaesthesia in horses undergoing castration.
评估利多卡因局部麻醉在静脉麻醉下对马匹去势的效果。
前瞻性、随机、双盲临床试验。
15匹预定在全静脉麻醉下接受去势手术的马科动物，随机分为两组。一组接受利多卡因注射（L组：2匹小马、4匹马、2头驴），另一组接受生理盐水注射（S组：2匹小马、3匹马、2头驴）。
在麻醉前评估行为、心率（HR）和呼吸频率（f(R)）。使用电子秤测量体重并估算睾丸体积。动物先肌肉注射乙酰丙嗪，10分钟后静脉注射罗米芬定，随后注射氯胺酮。在注射罗米芬定后，沿切口线皮下注射利多卡因或生理盐水，并进行睾丸内和精索内注射。根据临床观察（活动、f(R)和脑神经反射），递增静脉注射氯胺酮和罗米芬定。记录HR、f(R)、示波平均动脉血压（MAP）、手术持续时间、活动情况和追加剂量。使用视觉模拟评分法（VAS）和简单描述性评分法（SDS）评估手术条件。由两名不知晓治疗情况的助手分别使用VAS和SDS评估恢复情况。使用曼-惠特尼检验和威尔科克森检验比较组均值，使用配对的克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯符号秩检验比较不同时间点的组间差异（p < 0.05）。
对照组的递增剂量数量（中位数，范围）（4 [1 - 5] 对比1.5 [1 - 4]）和活动次数（1 [1 - 5] 对比0 [0 - 1]）均高于利多卡因组（两者p均 = 0.01）。其他记录变量在两组间相似。
这些结果表明，利多卡因作为局部麻醉辅助剂用于静脉麻醉下接受去势手术的马匹是有效的。
