Protein Chemistry & Metabolism, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research and The University of Melbourne, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia.
Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2009 May;196(1):115-27. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2009.01969.x. Epub 2009 Feb 19.
AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK) is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine protein kinase central to the regulation of energy balance at both the cellular and whole-body levels. In its classical role as an intracellular metabolic stress-sensing kinase, AMPK switches on fatty acid oxidation and glucose uptake in muscle, while switching off hepatic gluconeogenesis. AMPK also has a broader role in metabolism through the control of appetite. Regulation of AMPK activity at the whole-body level is coordinated by a growing number of hormones and cytokines secreted from adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, pancreas and the gut including leptin, adiponectin, insulin, interluekin-6, resistin, TNF-alpha and ghrelin. Understanding how these secreted signalling proteins regulate AMPK activity to control fatty acid oxidation, glucose uptake, gluconeogenesis and appetite may yield therapeutic treatments for metabolic disorders such as diabetes, insulin resistance and obesity.
腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶 (AMPK) 是一种进化上保守的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶，是细胞和全身水平能量平衡调节的核心。作为细胞内代谢应激感应激酶的经典作用，AMPK 在肌肉中开启脂肪酸氧化和葡萄糖摄取，同时关闭肝脏糖异生。AMPK 还通过控制食欲在代谢中发挥更广泛的作用。越来越多的激素和细胞因子从脂肪组织、骨骼肌、胰腺和肠道分泌出来，协调全身水平的 AMPK 活性的调节，包括瘦素、脂联素、胰岛素、白细胞介素-6、抵抗素、TNF-α 和胃饥饿素。了解这些分泌的信号蛋白如何调节 AMPK 活性以控制脂肪酸氧化、葡萄糖摄取、糖异生和食欲，可能为代谢紊乱如糖尿病、胰岛素抵抗和肥胖症提供治疗方法。
