Toll样受体（TLRs）、视黄酸诱导基因I样受体（RLRs）和NOD样受体（NLRs）在病原体识别中的作用。
The roles of TLRs, RLRs and NLRs in pathogen recognition.
作者信息
Kawai Taro, Akira Shizuo
机构信息
Laboratory of Host Defense, World Premier International Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka , Japan.
出版信息
Int Immunol. 2009 Apr;21(4):317-37. doi: 10.1093/intimm/dxp017. Epub 2009 Feb 26.
Abstract
The mammalian innate immune system detects the presence of microbial infection through germ line-encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Toll-like receptors, retinoic acid-inducible gene-I-like receptors and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors serve as PRRs that recognize different but overlapping microbial components. They are expressed in different cellular compartments such as the cell surface, endosome, lysosome or cytoplasm and activate specific signaling pathways that lead to expression of genes that tailor immune responses to particular microbes. This review summarizes recent insights into pathogen sensing by these PRRs and their signaling pathways.
摘要
哺乳动物的先天免疫系统通过种系编码的模式识别受体（PRR）来检测微生物感染的存在。Toll样受体、视黄酸诱导基因I样受体和核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体作为PRR，识别不同但有重叠的微生物成分。它们在不同的细胞区室中表达，如细胞表面、内体、溶酶体或细胞质，并激活特定的信号通路，这些信号通路导致特定基因的表达，从而使免疫反应针对特定微生物进行调整。本综述总结了关于这些PRR及其信号通路在病原体感知方面的最新见解。
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