Lutfiyya M Nawal, Ng Lauren, Asner Nesher, Lipsky Martin S
Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago, College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, USA.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2009 Mar-Apr;18(2):150-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2008.09.009.
A higher prevalence of stroke appears to exist among women aged 45 to 54 years compared with same-aged men. In addition, compared with their male counterparts, women have a threefold risk of delay in hospital arrival time. Inadequate knowledge of stroke symptomology may account for this disparity in hospital arrival time. We assessed current knowledge of stroke symptoms among US women in midlife and examined the relationship between symptom knowledge and race, income, education, deferring medical care, having a primary care provider, and health insurance status.
This was a cross-sectional study analyzing 2003-2005 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey data. From the 7 stroke symptom knowledge questions asked on the survey, a Stroke Knowledge Score was computed for each respondent. Multivariate data analysis techniques were used.
Multivariate analysis revealed that US women aged 45 to 54 years with low stroke knowledge scores were: more likely to be Hispanic (OR = 4.44, CI = 4.37-4.51) or African-American (OR = 2.55, CI = 2.52-2.58); have less than a high school education (OR = 2.67, CI = 2.63-2.71); have an annual household income <$35,000 (OR = 2.00, CI = 1.98-2.02); have a primary care provider (OR = 1.78, CI = 1.75-1.81); have deferred medical care because of cost (OR = 1.35, CI = 1.33,1.36); and are less likely to have health insurance (OR = 0.70, CI = 0.67- 0.71).
Disparities in stroke symptom knowledge exist along racial/ethnic and socioeconomic lines. Nevertheless, mid-life women have high levels of knowledge about the symptoms of stroke, hence strategies aimed at encouraging women to act promptly when experiencing symptoms could yield more benefit in reducing delays in stroke treatment than educational programs.
与同龄男性相比，45至54岁女性中风患病率似乎更高。此外，与男性相比，女性延迟就医的风险高出三倍。对中风症状学知识的欠缺可能是导致就医时间差异的原因。我们评估了美国中年女性对中风症状的现有认知，并研究了症状知识与种族、收入、教育程度、推迟就医、拥有初级保健医生以及健康保险状况之间的关系。
这是一项横断面研究，分析了2003 - 2005年行为危险因素监测调查数据。根据调查问卷中提出的7个中风症状知识问题，为每位受访者计算中风知识得分。采用多变量数据分析技术。
多变量分析显示，中风知识得分较低的45至54岁美国女性：更有可能是西班牙裔（比值比[OR]=4.44，置信区间[CI]=4.37 - 4.51）或非裔美国人（OR = 2.55，CI = 2.52 - 2.58）；高中以下学历（OR = 2.67，CI = 2.63 - 2.71）；家庭年收入低于35,000美元（OR = 2.00，CI = 1.98 - 2.02）；有初级保健医生（OR = 1.78，CI = 1.75 - 1.81）；因费用问题推迟就医（OR = 1.35，CI = 1.33,1.36）；以及拥有健康保险的可能性较小（OR = 0.70，CI = 0.67 - 0.71）。
中风症状知识在种族/族裔和社会经济方面存在差异。然而，中年女性对中风症状有较高的认知水平，因此，与教育项目相比，旨在鼓励女性在出现症状时迅速行动的策略在减少中风治疗延迟方面可能会带来更多益处。
