Delbari Ahmad, Keyghobadi Farzane, Momtaz Yadollah Abolfathi, Keyghobadi Fariba, Akbari Reza, Kamranian Houman, Yazdi Mohammad Shouride, Tabatabaei Sayed Shahaboddin, Fereshtehnejad Seyed-Mohammad
Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Research Center on Healthy Aging, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Khorasan, Iran.
Clin Interv Aging. 2016 Sep 6;11:1207-1212. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S113302. eCollection 2016.
A number of studies have explored the issue of sex differences in stroke from biomedical perspective; however, there are still large gaps in the existing knowledge. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the differences in socioeconomic status and living conditions between men and women may explain the part of the sex differences in incidence and outcomes of stroke.
All stroke participants aged ≥60 years admitted in Vaseie Hospital in Sabzevar, Iran, from March 21, 2013, until March 20, 2014, were included in this study. Computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were used to confirm stroke. A series of tests were performed and Statistical Program for Social Sciences, Version 21.0, was used to investigate the potential differences between older men and women in stroke incidence and outcomes.
A total of 159 incident stroke cases were documented during 1 year. The annual rate of stroke was statistically significantly higher in elderly women than in elderly men (401 vs 357 per 100,000; <0.001). Female elderly participants had significantly lower socioeconomic status, poorer living conditions, and higher lifetime history of depression, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus than their male counterparts.
The findings from this study showed that elderly women are more adversely affected by stroke in terms of incidence and outcomes of stroke than elderly men. The most noticeable result is that sex differences in socioeconomic status and living conditions may result in increased incidence of stroke and poorer outcomes in elderly women. Therefore, it is imperative to identify vulnerable elderly women and provide them appropriate treatment and services.
许多研究已从生物医学角度探讨了中风中的性别差异问题；然而，现有知识仍存在较大差距。本研究的目的是评估男性和女性在社会经济地位和生活条件方面的差异是否可以解释中风发病率和结局方面的部分性别差异。
纳入2013年3月21日至2014年3月20日期间在伊朗萨卜泽瓦尔的瓦塞伊医院收治的所有年龄≥60岁的中风患者。采用计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像来确诊中风。进行了一系列测试，并使用社会科学统计程序第21.0版来研究老年男性和女性在中风发病率和结局方面的潜在差异。
1年期间共记录了159例中风病例。老年女性的年中风发生率在统计学上显著高于老年男性（每10万人中分别为401例和357例；<0.001）。老年女性参与者的社会经济地位显著较低，生活条件较差，且抑郁症、高血压和糖尿病的终生病史高于男性同龄人。
本研究结果表明，就中风的发病率和结局而言，老年女性比老年男性受中风的不利影响更大。最值得注意的结果是，社会经济地位和生活条件方面的性别差异可能导致老年女性中风发病率增加和结局更差。因此，必须识别易受影响的老年女性并为她们提供适当的治疗和服务。
