Chuthapisith Suebwong, Eremin Jennifer, El-Sheemey Mohamed, Eremin Oleg
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
Surg Oncol. 2010 Mar;19(1):27-32. doi: 10.1016/j.suronc.2009.01.004. Epub 2009 Feb 28.
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have recently been documented in solid tumours. Evidence has suggested that CSCs are involved in carcinogenesis, tumour invasion and metastases, and resistance to various forms of therapies, including chemotherapy. Breast CSCs are characterised by the expression of CD44 but lack of CD24 (CD44(+)/CD24(-) cells). The mechanisms involved in chemoresistance of breast CSCs are complex and not clearly defined. Overexpression of ABC transporters, detoxification enzymes (aldehyde dehydrogenase), low cell turn over rate and the ability to activate the DNA check point response are possibly all involved. Innovative therapies, based on a better understanding of CSCs, should lead to enhanced and long-term cure rates in breast cancer.
癌症干细胞（CSCs）最近已在实体瘤中被证实。有证据表明，癌症干细胞参与致癌作用、肿瘤侵袭和转移，以及对包括化疗在内的各种治疗形式的耐药性。乳腺癌症干细胞的特征是表达CD44但缺乏CD24（CD44(+)/CD24(-)细胞）。乳腺癌症干细胞化疗耐药所涉及的机制很复杂，尚未明确界定。ABC转运蛋白的过表达、解毒酶（醛脱氢酶）、低细胞更新率以及激活DNA检查点反应的能力可能都与之有关。基于对癌症干细胞的更好理解而开发的创新疗法，应能提高乳腺癌的治愈率并实现长期治愈。
