Karrer W
Luzerner Höhenklinik, Montana.
Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax. 1991 Oct 1;80(40):1066-71.
Nocturnal intrinsic disorders of sleep are much more common than hitherto assumed. In middle-aged men, a prevalence of 0.3 to 3% of severe obstructive sleep apnea syndromes necessitating treatment is expected. The international classification of sleep disorders (ICSD 1990) contains the definitions and descriptions of the different entities. A patient with combined obstructive sleep apnea and a hypoventilation syndrome due to obesity serves to illustrate problems with diagnosis and particularly treatment of this respiratory disorder during sleep. The most frequent sleep disorders are briefly presented and placed in the context of other concomitant somatic diseases. Because of the possible serious course of nocturnal hypoxemias, the conclusion is justified that a timely and accurate diagnosis is essential for the patient. Transcutaneous oximetry during the night is sufficient as screening procedure. It can be applied to outpatients. In depth, evaluation should be carried out at a specialized center with polysomnography.
夜间睡眠内在性障碍比迄今所认为的更为常见。在中年男性中，预计需要治疗的严重阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的患病率为0.3%至3%。《国际睡眠障碍分类》（ICSD，1990）包含了不同疾病实体的定义和描述。一名患有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停合并肥胖低通气综合征的患者可用于说明睡眠期间这种呼吸障碍的诊断尤其是治疗问题。本文简要介绍了最常见的睡眠障碍，并将其置于其他伴随的躯体疾病背景中。由于夜间低氧血症可能导致严重后果，因此得出及时准确诊断对患者至关重要这一结论是合理的。夜间经皮血氧饱和度测定作为筛查方法就足够了。它可应用于门诊患者。深入评估应在配备多导睡眠图的专业中心进行。
