Kristiansson Charlotte, Grape M, Gotuzzo E, Samalvides F, Chauca J, Larsson M, Bartoloni A, Pallecchi L, Kronvall G, Petzold M
Department of Public Health Science, Division of International Health (IHCAR), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Scand J Infect Dis. 2009;41(4):303-12. doi: 10.1080/00365540902783301.
Our objective was to correlate antibiotic resistance in gut E. coli flora of children, aged 6-72 months, with use of antibiotics, socioeconomic status (SES) and household characteristics in the urban communities of Yurimaguas and Moyobamba in the Amazonian area of Peru. Caregivers of 1598 children were interviewed using a structured questionnaire in a cross-sectional survey. Faecal samples were collected from the children and the antimicrobial susceptibility of E. coli was analysed by a rapid resistance screening method. Significantly higher odds for resistance were seen for children who had used antibiotics, both during the last 2 weeks and the last 6 months. Children from wealthier families had significantly higher odds for resistance to a number of antibiotics than children from the least wealthy families (Yurimaguas: nalidixic acid, OR = 2.13; ciprofloxacin, OR = 2.09; chloramphenicol, OR = 1.98. Moyobamba: nalidixic acid, OR = 1.59; ciprofloxacin, OR = 1.69). Thus, the children of wealthier families had a significantly increased odds ratio for resistance, also when controlling for the family's antibiotic use. Unknown factors related to socioeconomic status seem to contribute to the results seen in the study area.
我们的目标是研究秘鲁亚马逊地区尤里马瓜斯和莫约班巴城市社区中6至72个月大儿童肠道大肠杆菌菌群的抗生素耐药性与抗生素使用、社会经济地位（SES）及家庭特征之间的相关性。在一项横断面调查中，我们使用结构化问卷对1598名儿童的看护人进行了访谈。采集了这些儿童的粪便样本，并通过快速耐药性筛查方法分析了大肠杆菌的抗菌药敏性。在过去2周及过去6个月内使用过抗生素的儿童，其耐药几率显著更高。较富裕家庭的儿童对多种抗生素的耐药几率显著高于最贫困家庭的儿童（尤里马瓜斯：萘啶酸，比值比=2.13；环丙沙星，比值比=2.09；氯霉素，比值比=1.98。莫约班巴：萘啶酸，比值比=1.59；环丙沙星，比值比=1.69）。因此，即使在控制家庭抗生素使用情况后，较富裕家庭儿童的耐药比值比仍显著升高。与社会经济地位相关的未知因素似乎导致了研究地区出现这样的结果。
