Sagert I, Fischer T, Hempel M, Pagliara G, Schaffner-Bielich J, Mezzacappa A, Thielemann F-K, Liebendörfer M
Institut für Theoretische Physik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Phys Rev Lett. 2009 Feb 27;102(8):081101. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.081101. Epub 2009 Feb 26.
We explore the implications of the QCD phase transition during the postbounce evolution of core-collapse supernovae. Using the MIT bag model for the description of quark matter, we model phase transitions that occur during the early postbounce evolution. This stage of the evolution can be simulated with general relativistic three-flavor Boltzmann neutrino transport. The phase transition produces a second shock wave that triggers a delayed supernova explosion. If such a phase transition happens in a future galactic supernova, its existence and properties should become observable as a second peak in the neutrino signal that is accompanied by significant changes in the energy of the emitted neutrinos. This second neutrino burst is dominated by the emission of antineutrinos because the electron degeneracy is reduced when the second shock passes through the previously neutronized matter.
我们探讨了核心坍缩超新星反弹后演化过程中量子色动力学（QCD）相变的影响。利用麻省理工学院袋模型来描述夸克物质，我们对反弹后早期演化过程中发生的相变进行了建模。这一演化阶段可以用广义相对论三味玻尔兹曼中微子输运来模拟。相变产生了第二个激波，它触发了延迟的超新星爆发。如果这样的相变发生在未来的银河系超新星中，其存在和性质应该可以作为中微子信号中的第二个峰值被观测到，同时伴随着发射中微子能量的显著变化。这第二个中微子爆发主要由反中微子的发射主导，因为当第二个激波穿过先前已中子化的物质时，电子简并性降低了。
