Ndong J-R, Blanchet P, Multigner L
INSERM U625, Rennes, France, Université Rennes-I, 2 rue du Thabor, Rennes cedex, France.
Bull Cancer. 2009 Feb;96(2):171-80. doi: 10.1684/bdc.2008.0812.
Prostate cancer is the most frequent cancer affecting men in most Western countries. Certain risk factors have been identified (age, family history, ethnic origin), but the aetiology of this cancer remains largely unknown. However, a role for environmental factors is strongly suspected. Questions have been raised concerning the role of the chemical substances generated by human activities in the occurrence of this disease. Diverse studies have consistently demonstrated a higher risk of prostate cancer in agricultural populations than in the general population. The hypothesis that this higher risk is linked to the use of pesticides has been tested in a number of studies, mostly in North America and Europe. However, to date, with a few possible exceptions, it has been impossible to demonstrate a significant association between exposure to pesticides or a chemical family of pesticides and prostate cancer. In the face of these uncertainties, rigorous studies are required, with objective measurements of exposure, taking into account confounding factors and individual risk factors, making it possible to assess gene-environment interactions.
在大多数西方国家，前列腺癌是影响男性的最常见癌症。已确定了某些风险因素（年龄、家族病史、种族），但这种癌症的病因在很大程度上仍不明确。然而，人们强烈怀疑环境因素在其中起作用。关于人类活动产生的化学物质在这种疾病发生中的作用，已经有人提出了疑问。多项研究一致表明，农业人口患前列腺癌的风险高于普通人群。这种较高风险与农药使用有关的假设已在一些研究中进行了检验，这些研究大多在北美和欧洲开展。然而，迄今为止，除了少数可能的例外情况，尚无法证明接触农药或某类农药与前列腺癌之间存在显著关联。面对这些不确定性，需要进行严谨的研究，客观测量接触情况，同时考虑混杂因素和个体风险因素，以便能够评估基因与环境的相互作用。
