Kambam Praveen, Thompson Christopher
Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California Los Angeles Semel/Neuropsychiatric Institute, 760 Westwood Plaza, C8-222, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA.
Behav Sci Law. 2009 Mar-Apr;27(2):173-90. doi: 10.1002/bsl.859.
The development of decision-making capacities in children and adolescents has been a topic of interest for hundreds, if not thousands, of years. Questions regarding the development of decision-making capacities (and moral reasoning) of youth frequently arise in juvenile justice settings, other forensic settings, and sometimes in treatment settings. This article attempts to review the latest and most relevant research on the development of decision-making capacities likely to be relevant in children and adolescents who are defendants. We distinguish cognition versus judgment in decision-making and briefly review adolescent decision-making in laboratory and real world conditions. We review a theoretical framework of two different systems, a cognitive-control system and socio-emotional system, and potentially correlated neurobiological and psychological findings. Implications for selected aspects of the juvenile adjudicative process are discussed.
儿童和青少年决策能力的发展一直是数百年来（即便不是数千年来）人们感兴趣的话题。关于青少年决策能力（以及道德推理）发展的问题经常出现在青少年司法环境、其他法医环境中，有时也出现在治疗环境中。本文试图回顾有关决策能力发展的最新且最相关的研究，这些研究可能与作为被告的儿童和青少年相关。我们区分了决策中的认知与判断，并简要回顾了实验室和现实世界条件下的青少年决策。我们回顾了一个由认知控制系统和社会情感系统这两种不同系统构成的理论框架，以及潜在相关的神经生物学和心理学研究结果。还讨论了对青少年裁决过程某些方面的影响。
