Perry C L, Grant M
University of Minnesota, Division of Epidemiology, Minneapolis.
World Health Stat Q. 1991;44(2):70-3.
Alcohol use has become normative for adolescents in most developed and developing countries, with serious health implications. In response to this problem, the World Health Organization convened a group of investigators in 1985 from centres in four countries--Australia, Chile, Norway and Swaziland--to participate in a pilot study on the efficacy of the social influences approach in school-based alcohol education. The goal of the educational programme was to delay onset and minimize involvement of alcohol use among 13-14 year-old adolescents. 25 schools in the 4 countries, representing middle- and lower-class populations, were randomly assigned to peer-led education, teacher-led education or a control condition. The programme focused on the social and environmental influences to drink alcohol, and skills to resist those influences. It consisted of 5 lessons over 2 months. Baseline and post-test data measured alcohol-use knowledge, attitudes, skills and friends' drinking patterns. Data were collected immediately prior to and 2 months following the educational programme. The data converge on the finding that peer-led education appears to be efficacious in reducing alcohol use across a variety of settings and cultures.
在大多数发达国家和发展中国家，饮酒已成为青少年中的一种常态行为，对健康有严重影响。针对这一问题，世界卫生组织于1985年召集了来自澳大利亚、智利、挪威和斯威士兰四个国家研究中心的一组研究人员，参与一项关于社会影响方法在学校酒精教育中有效性的试点研究。该教育项目的目标是推迟13 - 14岁青少年开始饮酒的时间，并尽量减少他们饮酒的频率。这四个国家的25所学校，代表了中低收入人群，被随机分配到同伴主导教育、教师主导教育或对照组。该项目关注饮酒的社会和环境影响，以及抵制这些影响的技能。它包括在两个月内进行的5节课。基线和测试后数据测量了饮酒知识、态度、技能以及朋友的饮酒模式。数据在教育项目开始前和结束后两个月立即收集。数据一致表明，同伴主导的教育在减少各种环境和文化中的饮酒行为方面似乎是有效的。
