魁北克西南部有机土壤中32种常见杂草对北方根结线虫的寄主适宜性

Host Suitability of 32 Common Weeds to Meloidogyne hapla in Organic Soils of Southwestern Quebec.

作者信息

Bélair G, Benoit D L

出版信息

J Nematol. 1996 Dec;28(4S):643-7.

PMID:19277189

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2619742/

Abstract

Thirty-two weeds commonly found in the organic soils of southwestern Quebec were evaluated for host suitability to a local isolate of the northern root-knot nematode Meloidogyne hapla under greenhouse conditions. Galls were observed on the roots of 21 species. Sixteen of the 21 had a reproduction factor (Pf/Pi = final number of M. hapla eggs and juveniles per initial number of M. hapla juveniles per pot) higher than carrot (Pf/Pi = 0.37), the major host crop in this agricultural area. Tomato cv. Rutgers was also included as a susceptible host and had the highest Pf/Pi value of 13.7. Bidens cernua, B. frondosa, B. vulgata, Erysimum cheiranthoides, Eupatorium maculatum, Matricaria matricarioides, Polygonum scabrum, Thalictrum pubescens, Veronica agrestis, and Sium suave are new host records for M. hapla. Bidens cernua, B. frondosa, B. wulgata, D. carota, M. matricarioides, Pasticana sativa, P. scabrum, S. suave, and Thlaspi arvense sustained moderate to high galling by M. hapla and supported high M. hapla production (12.4 </= Pf/Pi >/= 2.9). Capsella bursa-pastoris, Chrysanthemum leucanthemum, Gnaphalium uliginosum, Stellaria media, and Veronica agrestis sustained moderate galling and supported moderate M. hapla reproduction (2.8 </= Pf/Pi >/= 0.5). Chenopodium album, C. glaucum, E. cheiranthoides, P. convolvulus, Portulaca oleracea, and Rorippa islandica supported low reproduction (0.25 </= Pf/Pi >/= 0.02) and sustained low galling. Galling was observed on Senecio vulgaris but no eggs or juveniles; thus, S. vulgaris may be useful as a trap plant. Eupatorium maculatum, and T. pubescens harbored no distinct galling but supported low to moderate M. hapla reproduction, respectively. Amaranthus retroflexus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Echinochloa crusgalli, Erigeron canadensis, Oenothera parviflora, Panicum capillare, Setaria glauca, S. viridis, and Solidago canadensis were nonhosts. Our results demonstrate the importance of adequate weed control in an integrated program for the management of M. hapla in organic soil.

摘要

在温室条件下，对魁北克西南部有机土壤中常见的32种杂草进行了评估，以确定它们对北方根结线虫（Meloidogyne hapla）当地分离株的寄主适宜性。在21种植物的根部观察到了虫瘿。这21种植物中有16种的繁殖系数（Pf/Pi = 每盆最终的北方根结线虫卵和幼虫数量/每盆初始的北方根结线虫幼虫数量）高于胡萝卜（Pf/Pi = 0.37），胡萝卜是该农业地区的主要寄主作物。番茄品种Rutgers也被作为感病寄主纳入研究，其Pf/Pi值最高，为13.7。柳叶鬼针草、大狼把草、沼生鬼针草、桂竹香、斑花泽兰、黄花母、糙叶蓼、毛茛、田野婆婆纳和水芹是北方根结线虫的新寄主记录。柳叶鬼针草、大狼把草、沼生鬼针草、胡萝卜、黄花母、苜蓿、糙叶蓼、水芹和遏蓝菜受到北方根结线虫的中度至高度侵染，并支持较高的北方根结线虫繁殖量（12.4≤Pf/Pi≥2.9）。荠菜、滨菊、鼠曲草、繁缕和田野婆婆纳受到中度侵染，并支持北方根结线虫的中度繁殖（2.8≤Pf/Pi≥0.5）。藜、灰绿藜、桂竹香、旋花、马齿苋和沼生蔊菜支持低繁殖量（0.25≤Pf/Pi≥0.02），且受到的侵染程度较低。在普通千里光上观察到了虫瘿，但未发现卵或幼虫；因此，普通千里光可能可用作诱捕植物。斑花泽兰和毛茛没有明显的虫瘿，但分别支持北方根结线虫的低至中度繁殖。反枝苋、豚草、稗、小飞蓬、小花月见草、细叶黍、绿狗尾草、金色狗尾草和加拿大一枝黄花是非寄主植物。我们的结果表明，在有机土壤中综合管理北方根结线虫的计划中，充分控制杂草具有重要意义。