大豆中的多种害虫相互作用：对大豆胞囊线虫卵数量和作物产量的影响
Multiple Pest Interactions in Soybean: Effects on Heterodera glycines Egg Populations and Crop Yield.
作者信息
Alston D G, Schmitt D P, Bradley J R, Coble H D
出版信息
J Nematol. 1993 Mar;25(1):42-9.
Population changes of Heterodera glycines eggs on soybean in small field plots were influenced by the lepidopterous insect pest, Helicoverpa zea; however, few effects on eggs due to the presence of annual weeds were detected. Soybeans defoliated 15-35% by H. zea during August remained green and continued to produce new flowers and pods later into the season than soybeans without H. zea, resulting in higher numbers of H. glycines eggs at harvest on insect-defoliated soybeans. Final H. glycines populations also were influenced by soil population density (Pi) of the nematode at planting. Fecundity of H. glycines was generally greater at the undetected and low Pi than at high Pi levels. Soybean yields were suppressed 12, 22, and 30% by low, moderate, and high H. glycines Pi, respectively. When weed competition and H. zea feeding damage effects were added, yields were suppressed 34, 40, and 57% by the three respective nematode Pi levels. Effects among the three pests on soybean yield were primarily additive.
在小块农田中，大豆上大豆胞囊线虫卵的种群变化受鳞翅目害虫玉米夜蛾的影响；然而，未检测到一年生杂草的存在对卵有显著影响。8月份被玉米夜蛾取食造成15%-35%落叶的大豆仍保持绿色，并且在季节后期比未受玉米夜蛾侵害的大豆继续产生更多新花和豆荚，导致在收获时，受昆虫取食落叶的大豆上大豆胞囊线虫卵的数量更多。最终大豆胞囊线虫的种群数量也受种植时线虫土壤种群密度（Pi）的影响。大豆胞囊线虫的繁殖力通常在未检测到的低Pi水平下比高Pi水平时更高。低、中、高Pi水平的大豆胞囊线虫分别使大豆产量降低12%、22%和30%。当加入杂草竞争和玉米夜蛾取食损害的影响时，三种线虫Pi水平分别使产量降低34%、40%和57%。三种害虫对大豆产量的影响主要是累加性的。
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