Recombinant human erythropoietin therapy in the surgical setting and applications in oncology.

The development of recombinant human erythropoietin (Epo), along with a sensitive and reproducible assay for plasma Epo, has resulted in new potential applications for the treatment of medical and surgical anemias. A series of studies have defined a role for Epo therapy in the perisurgical setting to include the facilitation of autologous blood procurement and to facilitate postoperative erythropoiesis in order to minimize homologous blood transfusion requirements. Other possible applications of Epo therapy include the treatment of medical illnesses. Clinical trials to date have demonstrated that Epo therapy can correct the anemias of renal insufficiency, of rheumatoid arthritis, and of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients undergoing antiviral therapy. Clinical trials investigating the application of Epo therapy in the oncologic setting are in progress. These developments herald a new age in transfusion medicine, which includes the use of pharmacologic therapies in blood conservation strategies.