Young L D
J Nematol. 1992 Jun;24(2):228-33.
Plant-parasitic nematodes are obligate parasites, and planting cultivars that are highly resistant to these organisms places extensive selection pressure on the target species and affects nontarget nematodes as well. Problems encountered with long-term planting of cultivars resistant to nematodes include shifts in nematode races or species and the occurrence of multiple species of nematodes within the same field. These problems can be alleviated to some extent when crop management is used to lessen the selection pressure for change on the nematode populations. Race shifts within populations and possibly shifts between nematode species can be delayed by rotating susceptible cultivars and nonhost crops with resistant cultivars. Nematicides in conjunction with resistant cultivars may be used to limit damage by multiple species of nematodes. Some cultivars have resistance to multiple species of nematodes, but greatly increased research effort is needed in this area. More intensive plant breeding effort will be required to make nematode resistant cultivars competitive in quality and yield with more productive, susceptible cultivars.
植物寄生线虫是专性寄生虫，种植对这些生物具有高度抗性的栽培品种会给目标物种带来巨大的选择压力，同时也会影响非目标线虫。长期种植对线虫具有抗性的栽培品种所遇到的问题包括线虫生理小种或物种的变化，以及同一田地中出现多种线虫。当采用作物管理措施来减轻对线虫种群变化的选择压力时，这些问题可以在一定程度上得到缓解。通过将感病品种和非寄主作物与抗性品种轮作，可以延缓线虫种群内的生理小种变化以及可能的线虫物种间变化。杀线虫剂与抗性品种结合使用，可用于限制多种线虫造成的损害。一些栽培品种对多种线虫具有抗性，但在这一领域还需要大力加强研究。需要更深入的植物育种工作，以使抗线虫栽培品种在品质和产量上能与产量更高的感病品种相竞争。
