Cavuoto Paul, Wittert Gary A
Discipline of Medicine, School of Medicine, Level 6 Eleanor Harrald Building, Royal Adelaide Hospital, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009 Feb;23(1):79-86. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2008.10.005.
Endocannabinoids, a lipid-derived signaling system, regulate appetite and motivation to eat via effects in the hypothalamus and nucleus accumbens. Not all the effects of endocannabinoids on fat mass can be explained by the regulation of food intake alone. Endocannabinoids and their receptors are located in areas of the central nervous system and multiple peripheral tissues involved in the regulation of intermediary metabolism and energy expenditure. In addition to regulating food intake by both central and peripherally mediated effects, endocannabinoids modify glucose and lipid metabolism so as to promote energy storage via lipogenesis and reduce energy expenditure. The endocannabinoid system appears to be overactive in obesity and may serve to maintain fat mass and underlies some of the metabolic consequences of obesity. Inhibition of the cannabinoid type-1 receptor ameliorates the effects of endocannabinoids on food intake and energy metabolism; lipogenesis is inhibited, lipolysis, fatty acid oxidation and glucose uptake increase.
内源性大麻素是一种脂质衍生的信号系统，通过在下丘脑和伏隔核发挥作用来调节食欲和进食动机。内源性大麻素对脂肪量的影响并非都能仅通过对食物摄入的调节来解释。内源性大麻素及其受体位于中枢神经系统以及参与中间代谢和能量消耗调节的多个外周组织区域。除了通过中枢和外周介导的作用调节食物摄入外，内源性大麻素还会改变葡萄糖和脂质代谢，从而通过脂肪生成促进能量储存并减少能量消耗。内源性大麻素系统在肥胖症中似乎过度活跃，可能有助于维持脂肪量，并构成肥胖症一些代谢后果的基础。抑制1型大麻素受体可改善内源性大麻素对食物摄入和能量代谢的影响；脂肪生成受到抑制，脂肪分解、脂肪酸氧化和葡萄糖摄取增加。
