Chang Shi-Min, Hou Chun-Lin, Xu Da-Chuan
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tongji University Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
J Reconstr Microsurg. 2009 Jul;25(6):361-7. doi: 10.1055/s-0029-1215543. Epub 2009 Mar 13.
Microsurgical anatomy and clinical applications have been widely and extensively practiced throughout the mainland of China since late 1970s. During the 1980s to 1990s, Chinese surgeons and anatomists developed many new flap donor sites and modifications, most of which were published in Chinese literature. These achievements were not fully realized by the Western surgeons. In this overview, we attempt to give a brief introduction of these contributions made by the Chinese authors in the mainland. Of the new flaps first or independently described by the Chinese, most were in the limbs. These flaps can be classified into three categories. First are free flaps with a main artery trunk, such as the radial forearm flap with radial artery, the medial leg flap with posterior tibial artery, and lateral leg flap with peroneal artery. Second are reverse-flow island flaps based on distal main vascular bundles (e.g., the radial artery and venae comitantes, the ulnar, the posterior tibial, and the peroneal arteries). Third are septocutaneous perforator flaps that avoid sacrifice of the main artery trunk, which include the anterolateral thigh flap, lateral lower-leg flap, dorsoulnar flap, distally adipofascial pedicled radial forearm flap, and so on.
自20世纪70年代末以来，显微外科解剖学及其临床应用在中国内地得到了广泛深入的实践。在20世纪80年代至90年代期间，中国外科医生和解剖学家开发了许多新的皮瓣供区并进行了改良，其中大部分发表在中国文献中。西方外科医生并未充分认识到这些成果。在本综述中，我们试图简要介绍中国内地作者所做的这些贡献。在中国首次或独立描述的新皮瓣中，大多数位于四肢。这些皮瓣可分为三类。第一类是带有主要动脉干的游离皮瓣，如带桡动脉的桡侧前臂皮瓣、带胫后动脉的小腿内侧皮瓣和带腓动脉的小腿外侧皮瓣。第二类是基于远端主要血管束的反流岛状皮瓣（例如桡动脉及其伴行静脉、尺动脉、胫后动脉和腓动脉）。第三类是避免牺牲主要动脉干的穿支皮瓣，包括股前外侧皮瓣、小腿外侧皮瓣、尺背侧皮瓣、远端脂肪筋膜蒂桡侧前臂皮瓣等。
