Veverka T J, Henry D N, Milroy M J, Snyder M E, Fabian E, Groch J A, Cobb L M
Department of Surgery, Michigan State University, Lansing 48912.
Am Surg. 1991 Aug;57(8):531-4; discussion 534-5.
General anesthesia in premature babies is associated with a significant risk of life-threatening apnea. Spinal anesthesia in the high-risk infant is simple, safe, and effective, but the incidence of apnea with its use has not been previously determined. The total absence of apnea in 84 high-risk infants suggests that surgery below the umbilicus under spinal anesthesia can safely be performed on an outpatient basis in preterm infants or babies with a history of apnea. Ketamine as an adjunctive agent adds no apparent risk. The technique is relatively easy, surgery is not compromised, and parental acceptance is high.
早产儿全身麻醉与危及生命的呼吸暂停风险显著相关。高危婴儿的脊髓麻醉简单、安全且有效，但此前尚未确定其使用时呼吸暂停的发生率。84例高危婴儿完全没有出现呼吸暂停，这表明在脊髓麻醉下为脐以下部位进行手术，对于早产儿或有呼吸暂停病史的婴儿可以在门诊安全进行。氯胺酮作为辅助药物并未增加明显风险。该技术相对简单，不影响手术操作，家长接受度高。
